Habitat diversity and adaptation to environmental stress in encysted embryos of the crustacean Artemia
Habitat diversity and adaptation to environmental stress in encysted embryos of the crustacean Artemia
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02712121
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Clegg, JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tanguay, JA;Reyes, RC;Clegg, JS
卤虫的包囊胚胎（包囊）为研究动物对极端环境压力的生物化学和生物物理适应提供了极好的机会。除其他优点外，这种生物体在各种各样的高盐栖息地中被发现，从沙漠到热带，再到山区。与卤虫生态成功有关的一种适应是p26，这是一种小的热休克蛋白，先前的证据表明它在这些胚胎中起着分子伴侣的作用。我们在这里添加证据。我们总结了最近发表的工作，从弗朗西斯科湾（SFB）的加州接种到越南南部的水温高得多的实验池塘胚胎的耐热性和应激蛋白水平。本文将沿着有关三种胁迫蛋白（hsp70、artemin和p26）相对含量的新结果以及有关A. tibetiana采自海拔4.5km的西藏高原。本文简要讨论了未发表的应激蛋白artemin的结果，及其作为RNA伴侣的潜在作用。有趣的是，我们发现，A。franciscana胚胎对紫外线（UV）的适应似乎不是细胞内生物化学的结果，而是来自它们周围的厚壳，这是一种相当重要的生物物理适应，因为这些胚胎在自然界中接受了高剂量的UV。
Encysted embryos (cysts) of the brine shrimp, Artemia, provide excellent opportunities for the study of biochemical and biophysical adaptation to extremes of environmental stress in animals. Among other virtues, this organism is found in a wide variety of hypersaline habitats, ranging from deserts, to tropics, to mountains. One adaptation implicated in the ecological success of Artemia is p26, a small heat shock protein that previous evidence indicates plays the role of a molecular chaperone in these embryos. We add to that evidence here. We summarize recently published work on thermal tolerance and stress protein levels in embryos from the San Francisco Bay (SFB) of California inoculated into experimental ponds in southern Vietnam where water temperatures are much higher. New results on the relative contents of three stress proteins (hsp70, artemin and p26) will be presented along with data on cysts of A. tibetiana collected from the high plateau of Tibet about 4.5 km above sea level. Unpublished results on the stress protein artemin are discussed briefly in the context of this paper, and its potential role as an RNA chaperone. Interestingly, we show that the substantial tolerance of A. franciscana embryos to ultraviolet (UV) light does not seem to result from intracellular biochemistry but, rather, from their surrounding thick shell, a biophysical adaptation of considerable importance since these embryos receive heavy doses of UV in nature.