Associations of adolescent cannabis use with academic performance and mental health: A longitudinal study of upper middle class youth.
Associations of adolescent cannabis use with academic performance and mental health: A longitudinal study of upper middle class youth.
复制标题
青少年大麻与学习成绩和心理健康相关的协会：上层中产阶级青年的纵向研究。
DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.09.010
复制
发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Luthar SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meier MH;Hill ML;Small PJ;Luthar SS
有一种假设认为，低社会经济地位（SES）可以解释大麻使用与较差的学习成绩和心理健康之间的联系。因此，一个关键问题是，青少年大麻使用是否与高SES社区的学习成绩和心理健康状况较差有关，在这些社区中，混淆的可能性降低。来自中上阶层社区的青年（n = 254）在高中四年（从14/15岁到17/18岁）进行了前瞻性随访。每年对上一年大麻使用频率进行评估。在9年级和12年级评估了学习成绩和自我报告的心理健康症状（外化和内化症状）的正式学校记录。在高中四年中持续使用大麻与较低的平均成绩有关（β =-0.18，p = .006），学业能力测验（SAT）分数较低（β =-0.13，p = 0.038），以及更大的外化症状（β = 0.29，p < .001），但没有更大的内化症状（β = 0.04，p = .53）。此外，持续使用大麻与12年级的平均成绩较低（β =-0.13，p = 0.014）和外部症状较多（β = 0.24，p = 0.002）相关，即使在控制了这些结果的9年级水平之后。持续使用酒精和烟草也观察到类似的关联。在控制了酒精和烟草的持久使用之后，大麻的持久使用的影响变得不显著，这反映了将大麻的影响与酒精和烟草的影响分开的困难。低SES不能完全解释大麻使用与较差的学习成绩和心理健康之间的关联。
There is a hypothesis that low socioeconomic status (SES) may explain the link between cannabis use and poorer academic performance and mental health. A key question, therefore, is whether adolescent cannabis use is associated with poorer academic performance and mental health in high SES communities where there is reduced potential for confounding. Youth (n = 254) from an upper middle class community were followed prospectively through the four years of high school (from age 14/15 to age 17/18). Past-year frequency of cannabis use was assessed annually. Official school records of academic performance and self-reported mental health symptoms (externalizing and internalizing symptoms) were assessed in grades 9 and 12. Persistent cannabis use across the four years of high school was associated with lower grade-point average (β = −0.18, p = .006), lower scholastic aptitude test (SAT) score (β = −0.13, p = .038), and greater externalizing symptoms (β = 0.29, p < .001) in 12th grade, but not with greater internalizing symptoms (β = 0.04, p = .53). Moreover, persistent cannabis use was associated with lower grade-point average (β = −0.13, p = .014) and greater externalizing symptoms (β = 0.24, p = .002) in 12th grade, even after controlling for 9th grade levels of these outcomes. Similar associations were observed for persistent alcohol and tobacco use. Effects for persistent cannabis use became non-significant after controlling for persistent alcohol and tobacco use, reflecting the difficulties of disentangling effects of cannabis from effects of alcohol and tobacco. Low SES cannot fully explain associations between cannabis use and poorer academic performance and mental health.