Testing differential susceptibility: Plasticity genes, the social environment, and their interplay in adolescent response inhibition.
Testing differential susceptibility: Plasticity genes, the social environment, and their interplay in adolescent response inhibition.
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DOI：
10.3109/15622975.2016.1173724
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Buitelaar JK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Richards JS;Arias Vásquez A;van Rooij D;van der Meer D;Franke B;Hoekstra PJ;Heslenfeld DJ;Oosterlaan J;Faraone SV;Hartman CA;Buitelaar JK
抑制控制受损是注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的一个关键特征。我们在差异敏感性理论的背景下研究了GxE作为反应抑制变化的可能因素。这说明携带可塑性基因变异的个体在消极环境中更不利，而在积极环境中更有利。在停止信号任务期间，对来自278个家庭（年龄M=17.18， SD=3.65）的ADHD患者（N=197）和非ADHD患者（N=295）进行反应抑制的行为和神经测量。我们检测了候选可塑性基因（DAT1、5-HTT、DRD4）与社会环境（母亲表达情感、同伴关系）之间的GxE。在成功的抑制过程中，在右侧梭状回（rFG）的激活上发现了DRD4 x积极的同伴关系相互作用。此外，5-HTT短等位基因携带者在抑制失败时显示rFG激活增加。母亲的温暖和积极的同伴关系与成功抑制时右侧额叶下皮层的激活呈正相关。越轨同伴关系与错误率正相关。虽然发现了差异遗传易感性的模式，但在做出确定的结论之前，需要更清楚地了解FG在反应抑制中的作用。积极和消极的社会环境与抑制控制有关。这扩展了先前强调不利环境的研究。
Impaired inhibitory control is a key feature of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). We investigated GxE as a possible contributing factor to response inhibition variation in context of the differential susceptibility theory. This states individuals carrying plasticity gene variants will be more disadvantaged in negative, but more advantaged in positive environments. Behavioral and neural measures of response inhibition were assessed during a Stop-Signal task in participants with (N=197) and without (N=295) ADHD, from N=278 families (age M=17.18, SD=3.65). We examined GxE between candidate plasticity genes (DAT1, 5-HTT, DRD4) and social environments (maternal expressed emotion, peer affiliation). A DRD4 x Positive peer affiliation interaction was found on the right fusiform gyrus (rFG) activation during successful inhibition. Further, 5-HTT short allele carriers showed increased rFG activation during failed inhibitions. Maternal warmth and positive peer affiliation were positively associated with right inferior frontal cortex activation during successful inhibition. Deviant peer affiliation was positively related to the error rate. While a pattern of differential genetic susceptibility was found, more clarity on the role of the FG during response inhibition is warranted before firm conclusions can be made. Positive and negative social environments were related to inhibitory control. This extends previous research emphasizing adverse environments.