Contribution of a sedentary lifestyle and inactivity to the etiology of overweight and obesity: current evidence and research issues
Contribution of a sedentary lifestyle and inactivity to the etiology of overweight and obesity: current evidence and research issues
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DOI：
10.1097/00005768-199911001-00008
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Moore, MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jebb, SA;Moore, MS
目的：超重和肥胖的病因显然是多因素的，但最终是由能量摄入和消耗之间的长期平衡决定的。这篇综述将在饮食习惯的背景下，考虑久坐不动的生活方式对体重和肥胖风险的影响。方法：对来自生态、横断面和前瞻性研究的数据进行综述，这些研究评估了体力活动和膳食摄入及其与体重的关系。结果：生态学分析表明，肥胖患病率的增加与较低的体力活动水平比较高的能量摄入量有更强的相关性。然而，缺乏来自横断面或前瞻性研究的相关数据。有一些证据表明，高比例的饮食脂肪和低水平的体力活动都可能增加体重增加的可能性。然而，即使是最全面的研究也无法解释体重增加的个体间差异的一小部分，因此很难有效地评估它们的相对重要性。此外，没有足够的数据与“久坐的生活方式”有关，无法将任何假定的效果与运动的保护效果分开。这篇综述中的所有数据都是MHLBI证据C类。结论：这篇综述提供了明确的证据，表明低水平的体力活动与体重增加和肥胖的风险增加有关。总而言之，证据暗示了因果联系，但实验设计太弱了，提供了确凿的证据。饮食和运动之间相互作用的潜在影响在很大程度上被忽视了。为了在这一领域取得进展，在前瞻性流行病学研究的方法、研究设计和统计分析方面需要解决一些关键问题。与此同时，需要从其他来源获得数据，特别是那些旨在阐明饮食和体力活动在肥胖病因中的作用机制的研究，以建立合理的干预措施来指导公共卫生政策。
Purpose: The etiology of overweight and obesity is clearly multifactorial, but ultimately it is determined by the long-term balance between energy intake and expenditure. This review will consider the effects on body weight and the risk of obesity of sedentary lifestyles, within the context of dietary habits. Methods: The data from ecological, cross-sectional, and prospective studies that have assessed physical activity and dietary intake and their relationship to body weight were reviewed. Results: Ecological analyses imply that the increase in the prevalence of obesity is more strongly related to lower levels of physical activity than higher energy intakes. However, there is a paucity of pertinent data from cross-sectional or prospective studies. There is some evidence that both a high proportion of dietary fat and low levels of physical activity may increase the likelihood of weight gain. However, even the most comprehensive studies an unable to account for more than a small proportion of the interindividual variance in weight gain, so it is difficult to usefully assess their relative importance. Furthermore, there are insufficient data that pertain to "sedentary lifestyles" to segregate any putative effect from a protective effect of exercise. All the data in this review is MHLBI Evidence category C. Conclusions: This review provides clear evidence that low levels of physical activity are associated with an increased risk of weight gain and obesity. On balance, the evidence is suggestive of a causal Link but the experimental designs are too weak is provide conclusive evidence. The potential effect of interactions between diet and activity have largely been ignored. To make progress in this area, a number of key issues need to be resolved with regard to the methodology, study design, and statistical analysis of prospective epidemiological studies. In the meantime, data need to be drawn from other sources, particularly those studies designed to elucidate the mechanism of action of diet and physical activity in the etiology of obesity, to establish rational interventions to guide public health policies.