Functional and structural mapping of human cerebral cortex: solutions are in the surfaces.
Functional and structural mapping of human cerebral cortex: solutions are in the surfaces.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.3.788
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发表时间：
1998-02
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
D. C. Essen;H. A. Drury;S. Joshi;Michael Miller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. C. Essen;H. A. Drury;S. Joshi;Michael Miller
人类大脑皮层因其深度和不规则的卷积以及个体间的差异而臭名昭著。这些皮质地理的复杂性一直是研究皮质功能专门化的长期障碍。在本报告中，我们讨论了通过使用策略组合来补偿卷积的方法，这些策略的共同分母涉及明确的皮层表面重建。基于表面的可视化包括重建皮质表面并以各种互补格式（包括三维原生结构、二维切片、广泛光滑表面、椭球表示和皮质平面图）显示它们以及相关的实验数据。为可见人的皮层生成这些表示导致了一个基于表面的地图集，作为显示和分析大量实验数据的基础，它比传统的立体定位地图集具有重要的优势。我们通过展示人类视觉皮层中功能专门化区域和地形组织区域之间的关系来说明这一点。基于表面的扭曲允许数据从单个半球映射到基于表面的地图集，同时尊重表面拓扑结构，改进可识别地标的注册，并最大限度地减少不必要的扭曲。基于表面的扭曲也有助于物种之间的比较，我们通过扭曲猕猴的平面地图来匹配人类平面地图的形状来说明这一点。总的来说，这些方法将允许对灵长类大脑皮层功能组织的共性和个体差异进行更精细的分析。
The human cerebral cortex is notorious for the depth and irregularity of its convolutions and for its variability from one individual to the next. These complexities of cortical geography have been a chronic impediment to studies of functional specialization in the cortex. In this report, we discuss ways to compensate for the convolutions by using a combination of strategies whose common denominator involves explicit reconstructions of the cortical surface. Surface-based visualization involves reconstructing cortical surfaces and displaying them, along with associated experimental data, in various complementary formats (including three-dimensional native configurations, two-dimensional slices, extensively smoothed surfaces, ellipsoidal representations, and cortical flat maps). Generating these representations for the cortex of the Visible Man leads to a surface-based atlas that has important advantages over conventional stereotaxic atlases as a substrate for displaying and analyzing large amounts of experimental data. We illustrate this by showing the relationship between functionally specialized regions and topographically organized areas in human visual cortex. Surface-based warping allows data to be mapped from individual hemispheres to a surface-based atlas while respecting surface topology, improving registration of identifiable landmarks, and minimizing unwanted distortions. Surface-based warping also can aid in comparisons between species, which we illustrate by warping a macaque flat map to match the shape of a human flat map. Collectively, these approaches will allow more refined analyses of commonalities as well as individual differences in the functional organization of primate cerebral cortex.