Association of traffic-related air pollution with cognitive development in children
Association of traffic-related air pollution with cognitive development in children
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.2008.084574
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Olea, Nicolas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Freire, Carmen;Ramos, Rosa;Olea, Nicolas
背景交通造成的空气污染与儿童和成人的心肺疾病有关，但关于其潜在的神经毒性作用的信息很少。本研究旨在探讨暴露于二氧化氮（NO（2）），作为交通相关的空气污染的标志物，和儿童的认知发育之间的关联。方法一个基于人口的出生队列从西班牙南部从4岁开始，为期1年。收集了生活在城市和农村地区的210名儿童的完整数据进行分析。利用土地利用回归模型对NO（2）暴露量进行了预测。麦卡锡儿童能力量表（MSCA）的标准化版本被用来评估儿童的运动和认知能力。进行多变量分析以评估暴露于NO（2）和MSCA结果之间的关系，调整潜在的混杂因素。结果在所有MSCA分量表中发现NO（2）的负面影响，尽管预测的NO（2）暴露水平较低（5-36 μ g/m3）。暴露于较高浓度NO（2）（> 24.75 μ mg/m3）的儿童，一般认知评分下降4.19分，定量、工作记忆和粗大运动区评分分别下降6.71、7.37和8.61分。然而，除了粗大运动功能，协会没有统计学显着。结论虽然结果没有统计学意义，暴露于NO（2）和认知功能之间发现的协会表明，交通相关的空气污染可能会对神经发育产生不利影响，特别是在生命早期，即使在低暴露水平。
Background Air pollution from traffic has been associated with cardiorespiratory diseases in children and adults, but there is little information on its potential neurotoxic effects. This study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), as a marker of traffic-related air pollution, and cognitive development in children.Methods A population-based birth cohort from southern Spain was followed from the age of 4 years for 1 year. Complete data for analyses were gathered on 210 children living in urban and rural areas. NO(2) exposure was predicted by means of land use regression models. A standardised version of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA) was used to assess children's motor and cognitive abilities. Multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the relation between exposure to NO(2) and MSCA outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders.Results A negative effect of NO(2) was found across all MSCA subscales, despite low predicted NO(2) exposure levels (5-36 mu g/m(3)). Children exposed to higher NO(2) (> 24.75 mu mg/m(3)) showed a decrease of 4.19 points in the general cognitive score and decreases of 6.71, 7.37 and 8.61 points in quantitative, working memory and gross motor areas, respectively. However, except for gross motor function, associations were not statistically significant.Conclusion Although results were not statistically significant, the associations found between exposure to NO(2) and cognitive functions suggest that traffic-related air pollution may have an adverse effect on neurodevelopment, especially early in life, even at low exposure levels.