Water relations of standard height and dwarf sunflower cultivars
Water relations of standard height and dwarf sunflower cultivars
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2002.0152
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Entz, MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angadi, SV;Entz, MH
早熟矮株向日葵的选育栽培品种的成功，半矮秆谷物。虽然一些育种计划最近发布了矮向日葵品种在加拿大西部的生产，矮化品种的干旱适应性还没有研究。因此，1994年和1995年在马尼托巴的两个地点进行了田间研究，以比较矮秆杂交种"Sunwheat-103"（SW-103）和矮秆自由授粉品种"DeltaC-Aurora"（Aurora）与标准高度杂交种"IS-6111"的季节水分关系。矮秆杂交种SW-103比标准高度杂交种IS-6111经历了更少的胁迫（高达0.44 MPa的叶水势）。在1994年和1995年都观察到渗透调节的基因型变异。与IS-6111相比，SW-103和Aurora在完全膨压下分别具有高达0.42和0.39 MPa的低渗透势。极光表现出更大的渗透调节，每单位减少叶片打浆潜力比其他品种。所有品种在研究期间都保持正压势，当观察到压力势的显著差异时，SW-103通常具有比其他品种更高的压力势。IS-6111的光合速率和气孔导度高于矮秆品种。这些结果表明，在供水充足的条件下。高的杂种具有最高的生产力，尽管经历最低的叶水势和渗透调节。在有限的土壤水分条件下，矮株品种的耐旱优势可能对生产力的维持更为重要，
Development of early maturing short stature sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars followed the success of semi-dwarf cereals. Although a number of breeding programs have recently released dwarf sunflower cultivars for production in western Canada, the drought adaptability of dwarf cultivars has not been studied. Therefore, field studies were conducted under rainfed conditions at two Manitoba locations during 1994 and 1995 to compare seasonal water relations of 'Sunwheat-103' (SW-103), a dwarf hybrid, and 'DeltaC-Aurora' (Aurora), a dwarf open pollinated cultivar, with 'IS-6111', a standard height hybrid. The dwarf hybrid, SW-103, experienced less stress (up to 0.44 MPa higher leaf water potential) than the standard height hybrid, IS-6111. Genotypic variation for osmotic adjustment war observed in both 1994 and 1995. SW-103 and Aurora respectively had up to 0.42 and 0.39 MPa lower osmotic potential at full turgor compared with IS-6111. Aurora displayed greater osmotic adjustment per unit decrease in leaf beater potential than other cultivars. All cultivars maintained positive pressure potential during the study and whenever significant differences in pressure potential were observed, SW-103 usually had higher pressure potential than other cultivars. IS-6111 maintained higher photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance than the dwarf cultivars. These results suggest that under conditions of adequate water supply. the tall hybrid had the highest productivity despite experiencing the lowest leaf water potential and osmotic adjustment. The drought tolerance advantages of shorter statured cultivars identified here may be more important to productivity maintenance under limited soil water conditions,