Heterogeneous distribution of mature olfactory sensory neurons in human olfactory epithelium
Heterogeneous distribution of mature olfactory sensory neurons in human olfactory epithelium
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DOI：
10.1002/alr.22885
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发表时间：
2021-09-19
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Kikuta, Shu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Omura, Kazuhiro;Han, Bing;Kikuta, Shu
背景由嗅觉上皮(OE)组成的嗅裂(OC)是影响嗅觉功能的最重要的解剖学位置。鼻内窥镜手术(ESS)用于治疗与OC相关的疾病，改善嗅觉功能障碍。然而，医源性OE损伤偶尔会发生。需要全面的嗅觉区知识，以避免在内窥镜手术中对OE造成损害。方法对嗅神经母细胞瘤手术标本健侧的嗅黏膜进行免疫组织化学染色。OE定义为含有成熟嗅觉神经元的上皮细胞。对OE的分布和细胞动力学进行了研究。结果OE定位于上鼻甲前2/3及与上鼻甲相对的鼻中隔，上鼻道粘膜内未见OE。成熟型OSNs密度在筛盖部较高，但随着距离筛盖部的距离逐渐减少。在整个OE中，细胞死亡和增殖的程度相对均匀。气流剖面分析显示，切除下壁ST段不会减少流向OC的气流。结论成熟型OSNs在OE中的分布和分化程度具有异质性。切除前或上ST段上皮有可能损害嗅觉功能。切除下或后ST段或扩大上鼻道是一种更安全的选择，它不会损害成熟的OSN，也不会改变OC的气流。
Background The olfactory cleft (OC) comprising the olfactory epithelium (OE) is the most important anatomical location for olfactory function. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is used to treat diseases related to the OC and improve olfactory dysfunction. However, iatrogenic OE injury occasionally occurs. Comprehensive knowledge of the olfactory region is required to avoid damage to the OE during endoscopic procedures. Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed on olfactory mucosa obtained from the unaffected side of olfactory neuroblastoma surgical specimens. The OE was defined as the epithelium containing mature olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). The distribution and cell kinetics of the OE were examined. Results The OE was selectively localized to the anterior two-thirds of the superior turbinate (ST) and in the nasal septum (NS) just opposite to the ST; the OE was not detected within the mucosa of the superior meatus. The density of mature OSNs was high at the ethmoid tegmen but gradually decreased with distance from the ethmoid tegmen. The extent of cell death and proliferation was relatively even across the OE. Analysis of airflow profiles revealed that resection of inferior ST does not decrease airflow to the OC. Conclusion The results indicate that the distribution and degree of differentiation of mature OSNs are heterogenous throughout the OE. Epithelial resection of the anterior or superior ST has the potential to damage olfactory function. Resection of the inferior or posterior ST or widening of the superior meatus is a safer alternative that does not damage mature OSNs or alter airflow to the OC.