Early dose assessment following severe radiation accidents
Early dose assessment following severe radiation accidents
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DOI：
10.1097/00004032-199704000-00001
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Ricks, RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goans, RE;Holloway, EC;Ricks, RC
对高水平急性全身x射线或伽玛射线照射受害者的早期治疗已被证明可提高其生存的可能性，然而，在这种情况下，受害者的暴露程度和剂量学概况往往在数天至数周内无法详细了解。本文提出了一种基于先前辐射事故中记录的淋巴细胞动力学的简单剂量预测算法，该算法提供了急性全身照射后最初8小时内的剂量估计，严重辐射事故后早期淋巴细胞耗损动力学遵循单一指数，L(t) = L(o)e(-k(D)t)，其中k(D)是一个速率常数，主要依赖于事故后最初8小时内的平均剂量D。K(D)可以通过连续淋巴细胞计数来计算。数据管理计划/ TS辐射事故注册表被用来开发一个从43γ剂量预报算法暴露情况下淋巴细胞动力学和剂量重建都觉得合理可靠,D (K)的逆关系可以由一个简单的建模两个参数曲线的形式D = / (1 + b / K)在0小于或等于D小于或等于15 Gy,拟合参数(意思是+ / - SD): = 13.6 + / - 1.7 Gy, b = 1.0 + / - 0.20 D(1)。以这种方式估计的剂量仅作为指导初始医疗管理的初步近似值。
Early treatment of victims of high level acute whole-body x-ray or gamma exposure has been shown to improve their likelihood of survival, However, in such cases, both the magnitude of the exposure and the dosimetry profile(s) of the victim(s) are often not known in detail for days to weeks. A simple dose-prediction algorithm based on lymphocyte kinetics as documented in prior radiation accidents is presented here, This algorithm provides an estimate of dose within the first 8 h following an acute whole-body exposure, Early lymphocyte depletion kinetics after a severe radiation accident follow a single exponential, L(t) = L(o)e(-k(D)t), where k(D) is a rate constant, dependent primarily on the average dose, D, Within the first 8 h post-accident, K(D) may be calculated utilizing serial lymphocyte counts. Data from the REAC/TS Radiation Accident Registry were used to develop a dose-prediction algorithm from 43 gamma exposure cases where both lymphocyte kinetics and dose reconstruction were felt to be reasonably reliable, The inverse relationship D(K) may be modeled by a simple two parameter curve of the form D = a/(1 + b/K) in the range 0 less than or equal to D less than or equal to 15 Gy, with fitting parameters (mean +/- SD): a = 13.6 +/- 1.7 Gy, and b = 1.0 +/- 0.20 d(-1). Dose estimated in this manner is intended to serve only as a first approximation to guide initial medical management.