Concurrent working memory load can reduce distraction
Concurrent working memory load can reduce distraction
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0505454102
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发表时间：
2005-11-08
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Chun, MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, SY;Kim, MS;Chun, MM
人们很难同时完成两项任务。例如，在工作记忆（WM）中保留项目会使人们更容易分心。然而，不同类型的工作记忆负荷可能会对注意选择产生不同的影响，这取决于工作记忆负荷是否与目标或分心物加工机制重叠。三个实验研究了并行工作记忆负荷对Stroop任务的影响，Stroop任务是一种广泛使用的执行控制和抑制措施。当工作记忆负荷类型与目标任务所需信息类型重叠时，Stroop干扰增加（实验1）。与此形成鲜明对比的是，当工作记忆负荷类型与分心物加工重叠时，Stroop干扰降低（实验2）。实验3在不同的Stroop任务中复制了这些结果。因此，并发WM负载并不总是损害执行控制;性能取决于WM和任务相关信息的内容如何重叠。结果突出了工作记忆的可分离成分如何与知觉和执行控制相互作用。
People have difficulty performing two tasks at once. For example, maintaining items in working memory (WM) makes people more distractible. However, different types of WM load may have different effects on attentional selection depending on whether WM load overlaps with mechanisms involved in target or distractor processing. Three experiments examined the effect of concurrent WM load on Stroop tasks, a widely used measure of executive control and inhibition. Stroop interference increased when the type of WM load overlapped with the type of information required for the target task (experiment 1). In striking contrast, Stroop interference decreased when the type of WM load overlapped with distractor processing (experiment 2). Experiment 3 replicated these results in a different Stroop task. Thus, concurrent WM load does not always impair executive control; performance depends on how contents of WM and task-relevant information overlap. The results highlight how dissociable components of WM interact with perception and executive control.