Soil salinity dynamics in irrigated fields and its effects on paddy based rotation systems in southern Kazakhstan
Soil salinity dynamics in irrigated fields and its effects on paddy based rotation systems in southern Kazakhstan
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DOI：
10.1002/ldr.843
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kosaki, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sugimori, Y.;Funakawa, S.;Kosaki, T.
自1980年代以来，哈萨克斯坦南部的农业生产经历了严重的经济困难，加速了农业问题，包括灌溉田地的盐碱化。有必要彻底了解土壤盐碱化的最新情况及其对种植制度的影响，以便为该区域建立可持续的农业制度，避免土地退化。本研究探讨了两个农场的土壤盐分、作物产量与当地地形等影响因素之间的关系。这两个农场的特点都是缓坡、平坦的面积和局部的洼地。除位于洼地的淹水田外，大多数水田在灌溉期都表现出盐分的冲刷。水稻产量受到土壤盐分残留、深积水和灌溉系统下部排水能力不足的不利影响。旱地的盐分积累量似乎随着种植年限的增加而增加，这与灌溉系统下部地下水深度变浅有关，对大多数农田的作物生长产生了不利影响。由于该地区的种植模式最近发生了变化，因此每种模式都与本研究的建议进行了比较。大多数模式的结论是，如果在最佳的经济和社会制度下进行，对防止土壤盐碱化可能是有效的。版权所有(C)2007 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
Agricultural production in southern Kazakhstan has experienced significant economic difficulty since the 1980s, accelerating agronomic problems including the salinization of irrigated fields. A thorough understanding of the up-to-date situation of soil salinization and its effects on cropping systems is necessary in order to establish sustainable agricultural systems with avoiding land degradation for the region. This study examined the relationships between soil salinity, crop yield and affecting factors including local terrain for two farms. Both farms are characterised by a gentle slope, flat area and localised depressions. Most of the paddy fields showed wash-out of salts during the irrigation period except in waterlogged fields situated in depressions. Rice yield was adversely affected by the remaining soil salinity, deep ponding water and insufficient drainage capacity in the lower part of the irrigation system. Salt accumulation in the upland fields appeared to increase with cropping years, and was associated with groundwater depth that became shallower at the lower parts of the irrigation systems, adversely affecting the crop growth in most fields. Since the cropping patterns had recently changed in the region, each pattern was compared against the recommendation of this study. Most patterns were concluded to be potentially effective for preventing soil salinization if conducted under an optimum economic and social system. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.