Nutrition practice to alleviate the adverse effects of stress on laying performance, metabolic profile, and egg quality in peak producing hens:: I.: The humate supplementation
Nutrition practice to alleviate the adverse effects of stress on laying performance, metabolic profile, and egg quality in peak producing hens:: I.: The humate supplementation
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DOI：
10.5713/ajas.2005.1310
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yildiz, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hayirli, A;Esenbuga, N;Yildiz, L
本实验旨在确定笼养密度 (CD) 和腐植酸补充 (HS) 对母鸡产蛋高峰期的产蛋性能、代谢特征和鸡蛋质量的影响。根据笼子位置对 Lohman 蛋鸡（n = 180，46 周龄）进行分组，然后随机分配到两个 CD 水平（每个笼子 4 或 6 只母鸡或 540 vs. 360 cm(2)/母鸡）和 3 个 HS 水平（0、0.15 和 0.30%）。每天测量产蛋量（EP）和饲料消耗量（FC）；每两周测量一次蛋重；实验前后测量BW。实验结束时获取血液和额外的鸡蛋样本，用于测定代谢特征和鸡蛋质量。使用双向方差分析作为重复测量来分析数据。除FC外，CD不影响产蛋性能参数。放置在高密度笼中的母鸡的 FC 低于放置在正常密度笼中的母鸡。增加 HS 水平会线性增加 FC、EP 和饲料转化率 (FCR)。 HS对FC和EP存在相互作用的CD。与放置在正常密度笼中的母鸡相比，放置在高密度笼中的母鸡具有更高的血清葡萄糖、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、Ca和P浓度，并且往往具有更高的血清皮质酮浓度。增加 HS 水平会线性增加血清葡萄糖、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、肌酸和 Ca 浓度，并线性降低血清甘油三酯和极低密度脂蛋白浓度。 HS对血清葡萄糖和白蛋白浓度存在相互作用的CD效应。 CD 的增加并没有导致卵子质量参数发生变化。随着 HS 水平的增加，蛋白指数和哈夫单位线性下降，其他蛋品质参数没有变化。总之，尽管产蛋性能略有下降，但笼养密度的增加对代谢特征产生了不利影响。此外，对于饲养在应激条件下的母鸡来说，补充腐殖酸盐的益处似乎比饲养在标准条件下的母鸡更显着。
This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of cage density (CD) and humate supplementation (HS) on laying performance, metabolic profile, and egg quality during the peak production period in hens. Lohman layers (n = 180, 46 wks of age) were blocked according to the location of cages and then allocated randomly to two levels of CD (4 or 6 hens per cage or 540 vs. 360 cm(2)/hen) and three levels of HS (0, 0.15, and 0.30%). Egg production (EP) and feed consumption (FC) were measured daily; egg weight was measured bi-weekly; and BW was measured before and after the experiment. Blood and additional egg samples were obtained at the end of the experiment for determination of metabolic profile and egg quality. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA as repeated measures. Except for FC, CD did not affect laying performance parameters. Hens placed in high-density cages had lower FC than hens placed in normal-density cages. Increasing HS level linearly increased FC, EP, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). There was a CD by HS interaction effect on FC and EP. Hens placed in high-density cages had greater serum glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, Ca, and P concentrations and tended to have greater serum corticosterone concentration than hens placed in normal-density cages. Increasing HS level linearly increased serum glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, creatine, and Ca concentrations and linearly decreased serum triglyceride and very low-density lipoprotein concentrations. There was a CD by HS interaction effect on serum glucose and albumin concentrations. There were no alterations in egg quality parameters in response to increasing CD. Albumen index and Haugh unit decreased linearly and other egg quality parameters did not change as HS level increased. In conclusion, increased caging density adversely affected metabolic profile, despite insignificantly deteriorating laying performance. Moreover, benefits from humate supplementation seem to be more noteworthy for hens housed in stressing conditions than for hens housed in standard conditions.