Comparing the regulation and incentivization of e-cigarettes across 97 countries
Comparing the regulation and incentivization of e-cigarettes across 97 countries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114187
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发表时间：
2021-11-08
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hoffman, Steven J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campus, Brooke;Fafard, Patrick;Hoffman, Steven J.
尽管电子烟的长期健康影响及其戒烟有效性尚不确定，但全球电子烟的使用仍在继续增加。这种不确定性给政府带来了独特的挑战，因为他们试图以最大限度地提高公众健康的方式对这些产品进行最佳监管和积极或消极的激励。目前对电子烟的监管和激励措施属于一系列选择，从单一关注健康保护，即政策旨在防止电子烟的危险，到单一关注使用电子烟减少危害，即政策旨在减少吸烟烟草的更有害影响。监管选项包括禁止、成分禁令和监管，如医药产品、毒药、烟草产品、消费品和/或独特产品。激励方案包括税收、补贴和提供经济奖励。通过比较公共政策分析，该研究描述、比较和评估了97个国家为规范和激励电子烟所采取的各种方法。其目标是为政府未来如何应对电子烟带来的公共卫生挑战的决策提供信息，建立在对这一挑战的复杂性以及其他司法管辖区已经实施和学习的细微理解的基础上。
E-cigarette use continues to increase globally despite uncertainty regarding their long-term health impacts and around their effectiveness for tobacco smoking cessation. This uncertainty creates unique challenges for governments as they attempt to optimally regulate and positively or negatively incentivize these products in a way that maximizes the public's health. Current approaches to e-cigarette regulation and incentivization fall within a spectrum of options ranging from a singular focus on health protection, whereby policies intend to prevent the dangers of e-cigarettes, to a singular focus on using e-cigarettes for harm reduction, whereby policies intend to reduce the more harmful effects of smoking tobacco. Regulation options include prohibition, component ban, and regulation as medicinal products, poisons, tobacco products, consumer products, and/or unique products. Incentivization options include taxation, subsidization, and providing a financial reward. Through comparative public policy analysis, this study describes, compares and assesses the variety of approaches that 97 countries have taken to regulate and incentivize e-cigarettes. The goal is to inform future decisions by governments on how they approach the public health challenge posed by e-cigarettes, building on a nuanced understanding of the complexities of this challenge and what other jurisdictions have already implemented and learned.