Elastases and elastin degradation.
Elastases and elastin degradation.
复制标题
弹性蛋白酶和弹性蛋白降解。
DOI：
10.1038/jid.1982.28
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Sandhaus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Z. Werb;M. J. Banda;James H. McKerrow;R. Sandhaus
成年动物中成熟弹性蛋白纤维的代谢周转相对较慢。虽然只有少量的弹性蛋白被正常降解，但弹性纤维的降解和断裂增加可能在疾病过程中起重要作用。弹性蛋白分解酶存在于微生物、蛇毒和许多哺乳动物细胞和组织中，包括胰腺、多形核白细胞和巨噬细胞。弹性蛋白分解酶属于所有4类蛋白酶（天冬氨酸、半胱氨酸、丝氨酸和金属），并显示出一系列不同的特异性。迄今为止研究的所有弹性蛋白酶都对弹性蛋白以外的蛋白质和肽底物具有催化活性。弹性蛋白酶活性的存在是与假单胞菌和其他细菌、皮肤真菌的致病性以及响尾蛇毒液引起的坏死相关的毒力因子。只有弹性蛋白溶解酶能够诱导实验性肺气肿。由活的巨噬细胞和滋养层细胞介导的弹性蛋白降解仅限于直接的细胞周围环境。其他哺乳动物弹性蛋白酶对成熟弹性蛋白的破坏可能是正常抑制剂-蛋白酶比例失衡的结果。有助于调节平衡的主要血浆抑制剂是α 1-蛋白酶抑制剂和α 2-巨球蛋白。
The metabolic turnover of mature elastin fibers in adult animals is relatively slow. Although only small amounts of elastin are degraded normally, increased degradation and fragmentation of elastic fibers may play a significant role in disease processes. Elastinolytic enzymes are found in microorganisms, snake venoms, and in a number of mammalian cells and tissues, including pancreas, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and macrophages. Elastinolytic enzymes fall into all 4 classes of proteinases (aspartic, cysteine, serine, and metallo) and show a spectrum of different specificities. All elastases studied to date have catalytic activity against protein and peptide substrates other than elastin. The presence of elastase activity is a virulence factor associated with the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas and other bacteria, dermatophytic fungi, and necrosis by rattlesnake venoms. Only elastinolytic enzymes are capable of inducing experimental pulmonary emphysema. Elastin degradation mediated by living macrophages and trophoblasts is confined to the immediate pericellular environment. Destruction of mature elastin by other mammalian elastases is probably the result of an imbalance in the normal inhibitor-proteinase ratio. The major plasma inhibitors contributing to the regulatory balance are alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and alpha 2-macroglobulin.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
KETTNER, C;SHAW, E;JANOFF, A
通讯作者：
JANOFF, A