The evolution of urban mobility: The interplay of academic and policy perspectives
The evolution of urban mobility: The interplay of academic and policy perspectives
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城市交通的演变：学术和政策观点的相互作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.iatssr.2014.06.001
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
P. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Jones
在过去的50年里，西方国家的城市交通发生了巨大的变化，从早期的兴趣是通过主要的道路扩张来满足不断增长的汽车拥有量和使用量，到目前的重点是减少汽车使用和削减道路供应，鼓励可持续旅行和促进高质量生活的宜居城市。这可以从许多欧洲城市随着时间的推移而变化的汽车使用模式中观察到（即快速增长，然后稳定，现在下降）。这种演变可能与运输政策范式的变化有关，这种变化受到越来越多学科参与的严重影响，其中许多学科有助于修改支持性数据收集、建模和评价方法。本文探讨了学术/应用研究与政策实践之间随时间变化的相互作用，以及早期城市流动性观点留下的方法论遗产。它强调了最近通过“社会技术视角”提供的对流动性的重新解释，并推测了未来四十年城市流动性的政策思考可能会如何进一步发展。
Urban mobility in Western countries has evolved substantially over the past fifty years, from an early interest in catering for growing car ownership and use through major road expansion, to the current emphasis on reducing car use and cutting back on road provision, encouraging sustainable travel and promoting liveable cities with a high quality of life. This can be observed in the changing patterns of car use in many European cities over time (i.e. a rapid increase followed by stabilisation and now decline). This evolution can be related to changes in the transport policy paradigm, which has been heavily influenced by the involvement of an increasing range of academic disciplines, many of which have contributed to modifying the supporting data collection, modelling and appraisal methodologies. The paper explores the varying interplay over time between academic/applied research and policy practice, and the methodological legacy left by earlier perspectives on urban mobility. It highlights a recent reinterpretation of mobility provided through taking a 'socio-technical perspective', and speculates on how policy thinking on urban mobility might further evolve over the next forty years.