Mature leaf selection of Japanese macaques: effects of availability and chemical content
Mature leaf selection of Japanese macaques: effects of availability and chemical content
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7998.2007.00308.x
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Agetsuma, N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hanya, G.;Kiyono, M.;Agetsuma, N.
在屋久岛的针叶林（1000-1200 m）和海岸林（0-200 m）两个不同海拔带，研究了日本猕猴对成熟树叶食物的选择。采用Logistic回归分析，揭示了化学成分[中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、粗蛋白、粗灰分、粗脂肪、缩合单宁、水解单宁和粗蛋白/NDF比]和有效性（树木密度和总断面积）对猕猴在主要食物叶和很少食用或非食物叶之间选择的影响。在这两个森林中，猕猴选择了高粗灰分和粗蛋白含量，或高粗蛋白/NDF的比例，作为主要食物的叶子。在针叶林中，猕猴会选择单宁较少的树叶，但这种倾向在沿海森林中并不存在。这是因为针叶林中的猕猴摄入大量浓缩单宁的风险更大，因为它们在成熟树叶上进食的时间是沿海森林的七倍。在化学和有效性的属性，逐步多元回归分析表明，树木的数量（公顷（-1））是唯一的显着因素，解释在针叶林和沿海森林的主要食物叶之间的取食时间的变化。目前的研究结果表明，通过选择普通树木可以减少旅行成本的影响，超过了选择高质量食物所获得的利益。
Mature leaf food selection of Japanese macaques was studied in two different altitudinal zones of Yakushima: in the coniferous (1000-1200 m) and coastal forests (0-200 m). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to reveal the effect of chemical [neutral detergent fibre (NDF), crude protein, crude ash, crude lipid, condensed tannin, hydrolysable tannin and crude protein/NDF ratio] and availability properties (density of trees and total basal area) on the macaques' choice between the major food leaves and the rarely eaten or non-food leaves. In both forests, macaques selected leaves with a high crude ash and crude protein content, or a high crude protein/NDF ratio, as major foods. In the coniferous forest, macaques selected leaves with less condensed tannin, but this tendency was absent in the coastal forest. This was because macaques in the coniferous forest suffer from a greater risk of ingesting large amounts of condensed tannins, as their feeding time on mature leaves is seven times as long as that in the coastal forest. Among the chemical and availability properties, stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the number of trees (ha(-1)) was the only significant factor explaining the variations in feeding time among major food leaves, both in the coniferous and coastal forests. The present results suggest that the effect of travelling cost, which can be reduced by selecting common trees, exceeds the benefits gained by selecting high-quality foods.