Preparing the Gut with Antibiotics Enhances Gut Microbiota Reprogramming Efficiency by Promoting Xenomicrobiota Colonization.
Preparing the Gut with Antibiotics Enhances Gut Microbiota Reprogramming Efficiency by Promoting Xenomicrobiota Colonization.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.01208
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Li SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ji SK;Yan H;Jiang T;Guo CY;Liu JJ;Dong SZ;Yang KL;Wang YJ;Cao ZJ;Li SL
肠道微生物群在肠道和生理稳态中起着多种重要作用，并且使用粪便微生物群移植（FMT）来重新编程肠道微生物群已被证明有希望纠正肠道和生理疾病。本研究测试了不同肠道准备程序引起的重编程效率的变化，并探讨了相关的潜在机制。我们通过给予三种临床上最常用的预处理之一[抗生素，肠道清洁（BC）溶液或无预处理]来准备小鼠的肠道进行FMT，我们发现用抗生素准备肠道诱导了比其他两种预处理类型更有效的肠道细菌群落修饰。抗生素治疗的效率增加似乎是通过增加异源微生物群的定殖而发生的。进一步的分析表明，小鼠的抗生素治疗诱导肠道微生物群破坏，主要是通过排出对抗生素敏感的细菌，而在用BC溶液治疗后或在没有预处理的情况下，土著微生物群得以维持。抗生素使用后不久，耐药性细菌的数量增加，但随后在FMT给药后减少。总之，这些结果表明，FMT依赖于肠粘膜中可用的小生境，并且用抗生素制备肠道促进了肠粘膜中的异种微生物群定殖，从而提高了整体肠道微生物群重编程效率。
Gut microbiota plays multiple important roles in intestinal and physiological homeostasis, and using fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to reprogram gut microbiota has demonstrated promise for redressing intestinal and physiological disorders. This study tested the alterations in reprogramming efficiency caused by different gut preparation procedures and explored the associated underlying mechanisms. We prepared the guts of mice for FMT by administering one of the three most-clinically used pretreatments [antibiotics, bowel cleansing (BC) solution, or no pretreatment], and we found that preparing the gut with antibiotics induced a more efficient modification of the gut bacterial community than was induced by either of the other two pretreatment types. The increased efficiency of antibiotic treatment appeared to occur via increasing the xenomicrobiota colonization. Further analysis demonstrated that antibiotic treatment of mice induced intestinal microbiota disruption, mostly by expelling antibiotic-sensitive bacteria, while the indigenous microbiota was maintained after treatment with a BC solution or in the absence of pretreatment. The amount of antibiotic-resistant bacteria increased shortly after antibiotics usage but subsequently decreased after FMT administration. Together, these results suggest that FMT relied on the available niches in the intestinal mucosa and that preparing the gut with antibiotics facilitated xenomicrobiota colonization in the intestinal mucosa, which thus enhanced the overall gut microbiota reprogramming efficiency.