Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) mucosal infection in Atlantic salmon.
Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) mucosal infection in Atlantic salmon.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s13567-015-0265-1
复制
发表时间：
2015-10-21
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Falk K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aamelfot M;McBeath A;Christiansen DH;Matejusova I;Falk K
所有感染鱼类的病毒都必须穿过表面粘膜屏障才能成功进入宿主。传染性鲑鱼贫血病毒（ISAV）是大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar L.）中具有重要经济意义的传染性鲑鱼贫血（ISA）的病原体，已被证明使用鳃作为其切入点。然而，尽管病毒受体在皮肤、胃肠道和结膜的上皮细胞表面表达，但尚未对其他进入口进行调查。在这里，我们研究了实验浸泡（浴）攻击后大西洋鲑鱼的ISAV粘膜感染，以及从挪威确认的ISA爆发中收集的养殖鱼。我们首次展示了在鳃之外的几个粘膜表面（包括胸鳍、皮肤和胃肠道）进行早期复制的证据，这表明病毒有几个潜在的进入点。最初，感染是局部的，主要感染上皮细胞，但在后期，它变成全身的，感染循环系统的内皮细胞。在挑战中使用的低毒力和高毒力病毒揭示了在粘膜表面感染期间病毒进展的可能变化。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1186/s13567-015-0265-1）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
All viruses infecting fish must cross the surface mucosal barrier to successfully enter a host. Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV), the causative agent of the economically important infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., has been shown to use the gills as its entry point. However, other entry ports have not been investigated despite the expression of virus receptors on the surface of epithelial cells in the skin, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the conjunctiva. Here we investigate the ISAV mucosal infection in Atlantic salmon after experimental immersion (bath) challenge and in farmed fish collected from a confirmed outbreak of ISA in Norway. We show for the first time evidence of early replication in several mucosal surfaces in addition to the gills, including the pectoral fin, skin and GI tract suggesting several potential entry points for the virus. Initially, the infection is localized and primarily infecting epithelial cells, however at later stages it becomes systemic, infecting the endothelial cells lining the circulatory system. Viruses of low and high virulence used in the challenge revealed possible variation in virus progression during infection at the mucosal surfaces. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-015-0265-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.