Beyond Writing: The Development of Literacy in the Ancient Near East
Beyond Writing: The Development of Literacy in the Ancient Near East
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超越书写：古代近东读写能力的发展
DOI：
10.1017/s0959774316000019
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Karenleigh A. Overmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Karenleigh A. Overmann
以前关于古代近东书写起源的讨论并没有纳入关于读写能力的神经科学，这表明，当南部美索不达米亚人在第四个千年后期在粘土上书写标记时，他们无意中重组了他们的神经活动，这是操纵书写系统以反映语言的一个因素，通过神经功能变化和增加对语言的手写忠实度的组合产生读写能力。这种发展似乎只有在对书写和阅读有足够需求的情况下才能发生，例如国家一级的官僚机构所提出的需求;使用具有适当特征的材料;以及生产常规化的、手写的、简单的和非数字的标记。从物质介入理论（MET）的角度来看，写作和阅读代表着身体、物质和大脑的互动：手、手臂和眼睛的运动;粘土和用来标记它和形成字符的工具;以及视觉、运动规划、物体识别和语言。识字是一种认知变化，它产生于并依赖于各组成部分之间的互动关系。
Previous discussions of the origins of writing in the Ancient Near East have not incorporated the neuroscience of literacy, which suggests that when southern Mesopotamians wrote marks on clay in the late fourth millennium, they inadvertently reorganized their neural activity, a factor in manipulating the writing system to reflect language, yielding literacy through a combination of neurofunctional change and increased script fidelity to language. Such a development appears to take place only with a sufficient demand for writing and reading, such as that posed by a state-level bureaucracy; the use of a material with suitable characteristics; and the production of marks that are conventionalized, handwritten, simple and non-numerical. From the perspective of Material Engagement Theory (MET), writing and reading represent the interactivity of bodies, materiality and brains: movements of hands, arms and eyes; clay and the implements used to mark it and form characters; and vision, motor planning, object recognition and language. Literacy is a cognitive change that emerges from and depends upon the nexus of interactivity of the components.
牛津楔形文字文化手册
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Karen Radner
通讯作者：
Karen Radner