Defining a Complex Intervention: The Development of Demarcation Criteria for "Meditation"
Defining a Complex Intervention: The Development of Demarcation Criteria for "Meditation"
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DOI：
10.1037/a0015736
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Carlson, Linda E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bond, Kenneth;Ospina, Maria B.;Carlson, Linda E.
作者使用了一个由7名冥想研究专家组成的小组进行的5轮德尔菲研究，以就“冥想”的工作定义的一组标准达成一致，用于对冥想的治疗用途进行全面系统的评价。与会者一致认为，冥想练习的关键是使用（a）定义的技术，（B）逻辑放松，（c）自我诱导状态。与会者还一致认为，冥想练习可能（d）在过程中的某个地方涉及心理物理放松状态;（e）使用自我关注技能或锚;（f）涉及意识状态/模式的改变、神秘体验、启迪或逻辑思维过程的暂停;（g）嵌入宗教/精神/哲学背景;或（h）涉及精神沉默的体验。这项研究的结果提供了深入了解所面临的挑战，研究人员谁想要区分冥想的做法，从非冥想的做法，他们描述了一种方法来解决这个问题，可能会被证明是有用的研究人员试图在比较研究的背景下操作冥想。
The authors used a 5-round Delphi study with a panel of 7 experts in meditation research to achieve agreement on a set of criteria for a working definition of "meditation" for use in a comprehensive systematic review of the therapeutic use of meditation. Participants agreed that essential to a meditation practice is its use of (a) a defined technique, (b) logic relaxation, and (c) a self-induced state. Participants also agreed that a meditation practice may (d) involve a state of psychophysical relaxation somewhere in the process; (e) use a self-focus skill or anchor; (f) involve an altered state/mode of consciousness, mystic experience, enlightenment or suspension of logical thought processes; (g) be embedded in a religious/spiritual/philosophical context; or (h) involve an experience of mental silence. The results of this study provide insight into the challenges faced by researchers who want to demarcate meditative practices from nonmeditative practices, and they describe an approach to this problem that may prove useful for researchers trying to operationalize meditation in the context of comparative research.