Experimental demonstration of catch hyperstability from habitat aggregation, not effort sorting, in a recreational fishery
Experimental demonstration of catch hyperstability from habitat aggregation, not effort sorting, in a recreational fishery
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DOI：
10.1139/cjfas-2019-0245
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Jones, Stuart E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dassow, Colin J.;Ross, Alexander J.;Jones, Stuart E.
垂钓者捕获率和鱼类丰度之间的关系可以促进或阻碍渔业的可持续开发，具体取决于捕获率是否与鱼类丰度成正比或是否超稳定。我们进行了一项全生态系统实验，其中操纵鱼类丰度，并与受控实验捕鱼的每周钓鱼者捕获率估计相结合。捕获率随着鱼类丰度的变化而变得超稳定（β = 0.47）。通过排除努力排序（即，由于丰度下降，技术较差的垂钓者离开渔业，捕获率仍然很高），我们的实验隔离了鱼类聚集作为超稳定驱动因素的影响。对捕捞地点的空间分析没有识别出围绕特定点的聚集，这表明在整个沿海区域范围内对首选栖息地的松散聚集足以维持稳定的捕捞率。在我们的研究中，一般的、非产卵的栖息地偏好为钓鱼者创造了松散的聚集目标，这足以产生超稳定。栖息地偏好几乎是所有鱼类所共有的，并且为垂钓者所熟知，这表明许多以收获为导向的休闲渔业预计会表现出超稳定性。
The relationship between angler catch rates and fish abundance can contribute to or hinder sustainable exploitation of fisheries depending on whether catch rates are proportional to fish abundance or are hyperstable. We performed a whole-ecosystem experiment in which fish abundance was manipulated and paired with weekly angler catch rate estimates from controlled experimental fishing. Catch rates were hyperstable (beta = 0.47) in response to changes in fish abundance. By excluding effort sorting (i.e., catch rates remaining high because less skilled anglers leave the fishery as abundance declines), our experiment isolated the influence of fish aggregation as a driver of hyperstability. Spatial analysis of catch locations did not identify clustering around specific points, suggesting that loose aggregation to preferred habitat at the scale of the entire littoral zone was enough to maintain stable catch rates. In our study, general, non-spawning, habitat preferences created loose aggregations for anglers to target, which was sufficient to generate hyperstability. Habitat preferences are common to nearly all fishes and widely known to anglers, suggesting that many harvest-oriented recreational fisheries can be expected to exhibit hyperstability.