Influenza
Influenza
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01241-6
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发表时间：
1999-10-09
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Subbarao, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cox, NJ;Subbarao, K
流感是需要医疗干预的急性呼吸道疾病的最常见原因，因为它影响所有年龄组，并且因为它可以在任何个体中复发。在过去三十年中，预防和控制流感的努力主要集中在老年人和患有慢性疾病的个人中使用灭活流感疫苗，这些疾病使他们面临并发症的风险。然而，流感在这些人群和其他人群中的持续影响促使开发新的方法来预防和控制流感。在过去几年中，流感领域取得了一些重要进展。一种实验性的减毒三价流感活疫苗经鼻内给药，在保护幼儿免受甲型H3 N2流感和B流感的感染方面非常有效。基于神经氨酸酶分子结构的新型抗病毒药物在临床试验中进行了评估，发现对甲型和B型流感病毒有效。这些新的抗病毒剂的预期使用加速了快速床旁诊断测试的发展。新的诊断检测方法、新的抗病毒药物和新疫苗的出现无疑将改变我们控制流感的方法，并对临床实践产生影响。
Influenza is the most frequent cause of acute respiratory illness requiring medical intervention because it affects all age groups and because it can recur in any individual. During the past three decades, efforts to prevent and control influenza have focused primarily on the use of inactivated influenza vaccines in elderly people and in individuals with chronic medical conditions that put them at risk for complications. However, the continuing impact of influenza in these and other population groups has motivated the development of novel approaches for prevention and control of influenza. Several important advances in the field of influenza have occurred in the last few years. An experimental live, attenuated, intranasally administered trivalent influenza vaccine was shown to be highly effective in protecting young children against influenza A H3N2 and influenza B. New antiviral drugs based on the structure of the neuraminidase molecule were assessed in clinical trials and found to be effective against influenza A and B viruses. The expected use of these new antiviral agents has accelerated the development of rapid point-of-care diagnostic tests. The availability of new diagnostic tests, new antiviral drugs, and new vaccines will undoubtedly alter our approaches to influenza control and have an impact on clinical practice.