The Population of Non-corporate Business Proprietors in England and Wales 1891-1911
The Population of Non-corporate Business Proprietors in England and Wales 1891-1911
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1891-1911 年英格兰和威尔士非公司企业主人口
DOI：
10.1080/00076791.2018.1534959
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Bennett R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennett R
本文利用人口普查提供了1891-1911年商业业主人口的第一次一致统计。在对不完善的人口普查设计进行适当调整后，文章证实，在整个时期，自营职业仍然是最常见的企业。然而，它确定了1901年左右的一个转折点，当时企业数量果断地转向了大型企业，在这些企业中，雇佣有薪工人的雇主开始取代许多自有账户企业。然而，发展是多方面的，有重要的部门差异，在此期间，一些女性商业领域开始起飞，特别是在零售和专业领域。
This article uses population censuses to provide the first consistent counts of the population of business proprietors for 1891–1911. After appropriate adjustments for imperfect Census design the article confirms the persistence of own account self-employed as the most common businesses throughout the period. However, it identifies a turning point around 1901 when the business numbers decisively shifted towards larger firms, where employers with waged workers began substituting for many own account businesses. Developments were, however, multi-faceted, with important sector differences, and some fields of female business beginning to take off over the period, especially in retail and the professions.