Tracing the history of hepatitis B virus genotype D in Western Japan
Tracing the history of hepatitis B virus genotype D in Western Japan
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DOI：
10.1002/jmv.20502
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Onji, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michitaka, K;Tanaka, Y;Onji, M
日本的主要B型肝炎病毒（HBV）基因型为B和C。然而，HBV基因型D（HBV/D）在日本西部的一个小地区广泛存在，其中由HBV亚型ayw引起的Gianotti-Crosti综合征（被怀疑是HBV/D）在20世纪70年代流行。本研究的目的是阐明其起源，传播时间，并在该地区的传播。对363例HBV感染者进行了HBV-DNA基因分型。对HBV/D阳性者查出生年份。分析了20株HBV/D株的全基因组序列，其中2株来自间隔19年的单一携带者。计算进化率、最近共同祖先的日期和HBV/D感染的有效数量。363例患者中HBV/D感染者52例，70年代出生者39例。在系统进化树中，20株HBV/D毒株形成一个明确的聚类，进化速率为5.4 × 10（-5）个核苷酸替换/位点/年。树根估计在1,900年左右，从20世纪40年代开始蔓延，导致70年代感染患者迅速增加。根据这些结果，怀疑HBV/D可能在大约100年前传播到调查地区，然后在20世纪70年代广泛传播。从该地区的历史和基因分析，HBV/ D在该地区被推测为俄罗斯起源。
The major hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Japan are B and C. HBV genotype D (HBV/D) however, is widespread in a small area of Western Japan, where the Gianotti-Crosti syndrome caused by HBV subtype ayw, which is suspected to be HBV/D, was endemic in the 1970s. The aim of the study was to elucidate its origin, time of transmission, and spread in this area. Genotyping of HBV-DNA was done in 363 patients with HBV infection. The year of birth was checked in patients with HBV/D. The full genome sequences of 20 HBV/D strains, 2 of which were obtained from a single carrier with a 19-year-interval, were analyzed. An evolutionary rate, the date of the most recent common ancestor, and the effective number of HBV/D infections were calculated. Fifty-two of 363 patients were infected with HBV/D, and 39 were born in 1970s. In a phylogenetic tree, the 20 HBV/D strains produced a definite cluster, and the evolutionary rate was calculated to be 5.4 x 10(-5) nucleotide substitutions/site/year. The root of the tree was estimated to be in approximately 1,900 and began to spread from the 1940s, leading to a rapid increase of infected patients in the 1970s. From these results, it is suspected that HBV/D was likely transmitted to the area investigated approximately 100 years ago and then spread widely in the 1970s. From the history of the area and the genetic analysis, HBV/ D in this area was speculated to be of Russian origin.