Process planning and contour-based error compensation for precision grinding of miniature scalpels
Process planning and contour-based error compensation for precision grinding of miniature scalpels
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DOI：
10.1007/s40436-023-00458-w
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发表时间：
2023-08
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Cheng Fan;C. Xue;Jun Zhao;Wei Jiang;Wendie Han;Lei Zhang;Lining Sun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheng Fan;C. Xue;Jun Zhao;Wei Jiang;Wendie Han;Lei Zhang;Lining Sun
微型手术刀主要用于眼科和心血管手术等显微外科手术。微型手术刀的尺寸只有几毫米，而刀刃形状的精度要求很高，这使得微型手术刀的生产非常困难。本研究提出一种在四轴机床上研磨微型手术刀的新刃磨工艺。建立了一种基于运动学模型的四轴联动磨床后置处理算法。然后，我们提出了相应的参数校准方法的运动学模型中使用的参数。由于参数校准中可能存在的误差，提出了一种基于轮廓的误差补偿方法，用于精确调整磨削后的边缘形状。这可以解决磨削后的实际刃形与理想刃形偏差较大的问题。实验验证了所提出的工艺规划和误差补偿方法的有效性，优化了微型手术刀的磨削工艺参数，提高了其表面加工质量。优化后的微型手术刀锋利度小于0. 75 N，刃形对称，符合微型手术刀的技术要求。
Miniature scalpels are mainly used in microsurgeries such as ophthalmic and cardiovascular surgeries. The size of a miniature scalpel is only a few millimeters, and the precision of the blade shape is high, which makes production of miniature scalpels extremely difficult. This study proposes a new sharpening process for grinding miniature scalpels on a four-axis machine tool. A post-processing algorithm for a four-axis grinding machine based on a kinematics model is established. We then propose a corresponding parameter calibration method for the parameters used in the kinematics model. Because of possible errors in the parameter calibration, a contour-based error compensation method is proposed for accurate adjustments to the edge shape following grinding. This can solve the problem of large deviations between the actual edge shape after grinding and the ideal edge shape. The effectiveness of the proposed process planning and error compensation method is verified experimentally, and the grinding process parameters of the miniature scalpel are optimized to improve its surface processing quality. The sharpness of the optimized miniature scalpel is less than 0.75 N, and the blade shape is symmetrical, which meets the technical requirements of miniature scalpels.