The evolution of Olig genes and their roles in myelination
The evolution of Olig genes and their roles in myelination
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DOI：
10.1017/s1740925x09990251
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Richardson, William D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Huiliang;Richardson, William D.
脊椎动物的特殊属性之一是它们的有髓鞘神经系统。通过增加轴突的传导速度，髓鞘允许增加身体尺寸，快速运动和大而复杂的大脑。在中枢神经系统（CNS）中，少突胶质细胞（OL）是髓鞘形成细胞。转录因子OLIG 1和OLIG 2是OL发育的主要调节因子，推测在导致CNS髓鞘形成的遗传程序的进化过程中也发挥了重要作用。从现有的个体发育和系统发育的数据，我们试图重建的进化事件，导致出现的Olig基因家族和推测之间的联系Olig基因，其特定的顺式调控元件和髓鞘的进化。此外，我们报告了一个假定的髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）的祖先在文昌鱼文昌鱼floridae，缺乏紧凑的髓鞘。文昌鱼'Mbp'基因缺乏的OLIG 1/2-和SOX 10-结合位点的脊椎动物Mbp同源物的特点，提高了可能性，插入顺式调控元件可能参与了髓鞘形成程序的进化。
One of the special attributes Of vertebrates is their myelinated nervous system. By increasing the conduction velocity of axons, myelin allows for increased body size, rapid movement and a large and complex brain. In the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the myelin-forming cells. The transcription factors OLIG1 and OLIG2, master regulators of OL development, presumably also played a seminal role during the evolution of the genetic programme leading to myelination in the CNS. From the available ontogenetic and phylogenetic data we attempt to reconstruct the evolutionary events that led to the emergence of the Olig gene family and speculate about the links between Olig genes, their specific cis-regulatory elements and myelin evolution. In addition, we report a putative myelin basic protein (MBP) ancestor in the lancelet Branchiostoma floridae, which lacks compact myelin. The lancelet 'Mbp' gene lacks the OLIG1/2- and SOX10-binding sites that characterize vertebrate Mbp homologs, raising the possibility that insertion of cis-regulatory elements might have been involved in evolution of the myelinating programme.