The Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow: An Introduction
The Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow: An Introduction
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DOI：
10.1139/l04-111
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Chanson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Chanson
这本书是对明渠水流的水力学的介绍。本教材是为土木、环境和水利工程专业的本科生设计的。我们假定学生已经上过流体力学的入门课程，并且熟悉流体力学的基本原理：连续性、动量、能量和伯努利原理。这本书将首先发展流体力学的基本原理与应用开放的渠道。明渠流量计算比管道流量计算更复杂，因为自由表面的位置通常是“先验”未知的（即事先）。随后，向学生介绍泥沙输送和水力建模（物理和数值模型）的基本概念。在课程的最后，介绍了水工建筑物的设计。这本书的目的是带来的河流，水道和人工运河（例如板a-1到a-13）的水力学的基本了解给读者。讲座材料分为四个部分，越来越复杂：-第一部分：基本原理介绍。流体力学基本原理在开槽中的应用。重点介绍了伯努利原理和动量方程在明渠流动中的应用。-第二部分：明渠泥沙输送的介绍。基本定义和简单的应用程序。明渠泥沙运动的发生。输沙率的计算。泥沙运动和流体运动之间的相互作用。-第三部分：模拟明渠水流。明渠水流的物理模拟。明渠水流的数值模拟。物理建模：应用相似和量纲分析的基本原理来打开渠道。数值模拟：能量方程的数值积分；一维流动建模。-第四部分：储水和输水水工结构设计简介。水坝、堰和溢洪道的水力设计。水滴和瀑布的设计。涵洞水力设计：标准箱形涵洞和最小能量损失涵洞。水工构筑物专业设计基本介绍。基本原则在实际设计情境中的应用。完整系统的分析。应用、辅导课和练习分为四类：主要文本中的应用来说明基本的讲座材料，每个部分中每章的练习，在一个部分中使用几个章节中获得的知识的复习练习，以及涉及几个部分中获得的专业知识的主要作业（即问题）：例如，通常是第一部分和其他一两个部分。在讲座材料中，给出了完整而详细的应用解决方案。一些练习题、复习题和习题的数值解可以在网上找到（出版商的网站：http://www.arnoldpublishers.com/）。建议/更正表格放在书的末尾。欢迎评论、建议和批评，他们将有助于提高本书的质量。读者发现错误或错误，欢迎在页面上记录错误，并发送一份副本给作者。“Errare Humanum Est”。
The book is an introduction to the hydraulics of open channel flows. The material is designed for undergraduate students in Civil, Environmental and Hydraulic Engineering. It will be assumed that the students have had an introductory course in fluid mechanics and that they are familiar with the basic principles of fluid mechanics : continuity, momentum, energy and Bernoulli principles. The book will first develop the basic principles of fluid mechanics with applications to open channels. Open channel flow calculations are more complicated than pipe flow calculations because the location of the free-surface is often unknown 'a priori' (i.e. beforehand). Later the students are introduced to the basic concepts of sediment transport and hydraulic modelling (physical and numerical models). At the end of the course, the design of hydraulic structures is introduced. The book is designed to bring a basic understanding of the hydraulics of rivers, waterways and man-made canals (e.g. Plates a-1 to a-13) to the reader. The lecture material is divided into four parts of increasing complexity : - Part I : Introduction to the basic principles. Application of the fundamental fluid mechanics principles to open channels. Emphasis on the application of the Bernoulli principle and Momentum equation to open channel flows. - Part II : Introduction to sediment transport in open channels. Basic definitions followed by simple applications. Occurrence of sediment motion in open channels. Calculations of sediment transport rate. Interactions between the sediment motion and the fluid motion. - Part III : Modelling open channel flows. Physical modelling of open channel flows. Numerical modelling of open channel flows. Physical modelling : application of the basic principles of similitude and dimensional analysis to open channels. Numerical modelling : numerical integration of the energy equation; one-dimensional flow modelling. - Part IV : Introduction to the design of hydraulic structures for the storage and conveyance of water. Hydraulic design of dams, weirs and spillways. Design of drops and cascades. Hydraulic design of culverts : standard box culverts and minimum energy loss culvert. Basic introduction to professional design of hydraulic structures. Application of the basic principles to real design situations. Analysis of complete systems. Applications, tutorials and exercises are grouped into four categories : applications within the main text to illustrate the basic lecture material, exercises for each chapter within each section, revision exercises using knowledge gained in several chapters within one section, and major assignments (i.e. problems) involving expertise gained in several sections : e.g., typically section I and one or two other sections. In the lecture material, complete and detailed solutions of the applications are given. Numerical solutions of some exercises, revision exercises and problems are available on the Internet (Publisher's site : http://www.arnoldpublishers.com/). A suggestion/correction form is placed at the end of the book. Comments, suggestions and critic are welcome and they will be helpful to improve the quality of the book. Readers who find an error or mistake are welcome to record the error on the page and to send a copy to the author. "Errare Humanum Est" .