The cell envelope of tubercle bacilli
The cell envelope of tubercle bacilli
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tube.2015.02.024
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Daffe, Mamadou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daffe, Mamadou
结核杆菌和其他分枝杆菌的包膜对细菌生理是重要的，因为抑制其某些成分的产生会杀死细胞。它由一层质膜组成，这显然与其他细菌的质膜相似，被碳水化合物和脂质组成的复杂壁包围，而这层壁又被最外层包围，在致病物种的情况下被称为“胶囊”。细胞壁具有一个基本的、共价连接的“细胞壁骨架”，由肽聚糖和阿拉伯半乳聚糖共价连接，这些半乳聚糖被非常长的链（高达C90）脂肪酸（霉菌酸）酯化。这些脂肪酸构成典型外膜（菌膜）的内小叶，其外小叶由多种非共价连接的脂类和糖脂类组成。菌膜的厚度与质膜的厚度相似，这意味着霉菌酸的专用构象。最后，在分枝杆菌的细胞膜和肽聚糖之间也存在一个质周间隙。(C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The envelope of tubercle bacilli and of other mycobacteria is important for the bacterial physiology since inhibition of the production of some of its constituents kills the cells. It consists of a plasma membrane, which is apparently homologous to plasma membranes of other bacteria, surrounded by a complex wall of carbohydrate and lipid, which is in turn surrounded by an outermost layer, called 'capsule' in the case of pathogenic species. The wall possesses a fundamental, covalently linked 'cell-wall skeleton' composed of peptidoglycan covalently linked to arabinogalactan esterified by very long-chain (up to C90) fatty acids (mycolic acids). These fatty acids form the inner leaflet of a typical outer membrane (mycomembrane) whose outer leaflet consists of a great variety of non-covalently linked lipids and glycolipids. The thickness of the mycomembrane is similar to that of the plasma membrane, implying dedicated conformations of mycolic acids. Finally, a periplasmic space also exists in mycobacteria, between the membrane and the peptidoglycan. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.