The effects of age upon the perception of depth and 3-D shape from differential motion and binocular disparity
The effects of age upon the perception of depth and 3-D shape from differential motion and binocular disparity
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DOI：
10.1068/p3111
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Butler, AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norman, JF;Dawson, TE;Butler, AK
通过六个实验评估了年轻人和老年人感知由不同运动和双眼视差定义的光滑表面的三维形状、深度和曲率的能力。定义表面的点的数量以及它们的空间和时间对应被操纵。对于立体正弦表面，波纹的空间频率也是不同的。对于运动定义的表面，模式中各个点的寿命是不同的，并比较了由点定义的表面和更生态有效的纹理表面的感知。在所有实验中，年长的观察者对表面的深度和曲率不那么敏感，尽管运动定义的表面的缺陷要大得多。结果表明，老年人可以从只包含差异运动或双眼视差的光学图案中提取深度和形状，但这些能力通常在操作水平降低时表现出来。
The ability of younger and older adults to perceive the 3-D shape, depth, and curvature of smooth surfaces defined by differential motion and binocular disparity was evaluated in six experiments. The number of points defining the surfaces and their spatial and temporal correspondences were manipulated. For stereoscopic sinusoidal surfaces, the spatial frequency of the corrugations was also varied. For surfaces defined by motion, the lifetimes of the individual points in the patterns were varied, and comparisons were made between the perception of surfaces defined by points and that of more ecologically valid textured surfaces. In all experiments, the older observers were less sensitive to the depths and curvatures of the surfaces, although the deficits were much larger for motion-defined surfaces. The results demonstrate that older adults can extract depth and shape from optical patterns containing only differential motion or binocular disparity, but these abilities are often manifested at reduced levels of performance.