Sound localisation in crickets
Sound localisation in crickets
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蟋蟀的声音定位
DOI：
10.1007/bf00199248
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Huber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Horseman;F. Huber
细胞内记录是由蟋蟀 Gryllus bimaculatus 前胸神经节中的听觉中间神经元 ON1、AN1 和 AN2 进行的。记录了他们对合成呼叫歌曲（载波频率 5 kHz，强度 40-90 dB SPL）的反应，通过手机（声学气管切割）以单耳和双耳形式呈现（图 2）。然后分析这些数据以确定 ON1-ON1、ON1-AN1 和 ON1-AN2 的抑制耦合强度（图 3）。 ON1-ON1和ON1-AN1的抑制性耦合相对独立于刺激强度，ON1-ON1 = -0.25至-0,4 ap ON1a/ap ON1b； ON1-AN1 = -0.4 至 -0.55 ap AN1/ap ON1 相反。 ON1对AN2的抑制相当无效，最大为-0.13ap AN2/ap ON1contra。在大多数相关声音强度范围内，由于 omega 神经元的侧向抑制，左右对比度增强或增益对于 ON1 对来说为 1.6-1.9，对于 AN1 对来说为 2-3.4。对于 AN2 对，除了声音强度 > 80 dB SPL 外，几乎没有对比度增强（表 1）。上述前胸神经节听觉信息处理数据被纳入语音趋向行为基础神经事件的简单模型中。该模型包括典型的外周听觉方向性和关于如何产生趋音转向的简单假设。该模型生成的预测包括：a）侧向抑制提供的 AN1 和 AN2 方向敏感性增强（图 4）。 b) AN1 或 AN2 失活对开环和闭环趋音行为的影响（图 5）。 c）灭活一个ON1对左右AN1方向敏感性的影响（图6），以及对趋音行为的后续影响（图7）其中一些预测与当前可用的实验数据非常吻合，其他预测构成了未来实验中测试的假设。
Intracellular recordings were made from the auditory interneurons ON1, AN1 and AN2 in the prothoracic ganglion of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. Their responses to synthesized calling song (carrier frequency 5 kHz, intensity 40–90 dB SPL), presented monaurally and binaurally via legphones (acoustic trachea cut), were recorded (Fig. 2). These data were then analysed to determine the strength of inhibitory coupling of ON1-ON1, ON1-AN1 and ON1-AN2 (Fig. 3). Inhibitory coupling of ON1-ON1 and ON1-AN1 are relatively independent of stimulus intensity, ON1-ON1 = -0.25 to -0,4 ap ON1a/ap ON1b; ON1-AN1 = -0.4 to -0.55 ap AN1/ap ON1contra. The inhibition of AN2 by ON1 is rather ineffective, maximally -0.13ap AN2/ap ON1contra. The left-right contrast enhancement or gain, due to lateral inhibition via omega neurons, is 1.6–1.9 for the ON1 pair and 2–3.4 for the AN1 pair, over most of the relevant sound intensity range. For the AN2 pair, there is little contrast enhancement except at sound intensities > 80 dB SPL (Table 1).The above data on auditory information processing in the prothoracic ganglion was incorporated into a simple model of the neural events underlying phonotactic behavior. This model included typical peripheral auditory directionality and simple assumptions about how phonotactic turns are generated. Predictions generated by the model include: a) the enhancement in directional sensitivity of AN1 and AN2 provided by lateral inhibition (Fig. 4). b) The effects on open- and closed-loop phonotactic behavior, of inactivating AN1 or AN2 (Fig 5). c) The effects of inactivating one ON1 on the directional sensitivity of left and right AN1 (Fig. 6), and the consequent effects on phonotactic behavior (Fig. 7) Several of these predictions agree well with currently available experimental data, others constitute hypotheses for testing in future experiments.