Ongoing outbreak of dengue serotype-3 in Solomon Islands, January to May 2013
Ongoing outbreak of dengue serotype-3 in Solomon Islands, January to May 2013
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DOI：
10.5365/wpsar.2013.4.2.013
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Nilles, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nogareda, Francisco;Joshua, Cynthia;Nilles, Eric
导言：2013年1月，所罗门群岛霍尼亚拉的临床医生注意到几名患者出现登革热样疾病。经快速诊断测试，三名病例的血清对登革热呈阳性反应。据报告，随后病例有所增加，经进一步实验室检测，确认疫情为登革热血清型3。本报告介绍了正在进行的疫情调查，调查结果和response.Methods：加强登革热监测实施了首都，霍尼亚拉，并在各省。这包括对卫生工作人员进行登革热病例定义、数据收集和报告方面的培训。结果：从2013年1月3日至5月15日，报告了5254例疑似登革热病例（每万人101.8例），其中401例住院治疗，6例死亡。病例的中位年龄为20岁（0至90岁），86%来自霍尼亚拉。在霍尼亚拉发现了Aedes aegyti和Aedes albopictus。疫情应对措施包括临床培训研讨会、病媒控制活动、执行诊断和病例管理方案以及公共宣传运动。讨论：这是所罗门群岛记录的第一次登革热大规模疫情。可能促成这一爆发的因素包括：易感人口众多、霍尼亚拉存在一种高效登革热病媒、人口密度高、滋生地众多以及有利于蚊子繁殖的天气条件。虽然病例数自4月1日以来已趋于稳定，但仍有必要继续加强全国范围的监测和应对活动。
Introduction: In January 2013, clinicians in Honiara, Solomon Islands noted several patients presenting with dengue-like illness. Serum from three cases tested positive for dengue by rapid diagnostic test. Subsequent increases in cases were reported, and the outbreak was confirmed as being dengue serotype-3 by further laboratory tests. This report describes the ongoing outbreak investigation, findings and response.Methods: Enhanced dengue surveillance was implemented in the capital, Honiara, and in the provinces. This included training health staff on dengue case definitions, data collection and reporting. Vector surveillance was also conducted.Results: From 3 January to 15 May 2013, 5254 cases of suspected dengue were reported (101.8 per 10 000 population), including 401 hospitalizations and six deaths. The median age of cases was 20 years (range zero to 90), and 86% were reported from Honiara. Both Aedes aegyti and Aedes albopictus were identified in Honiara. Outbreak response measures included clinical training seminars, vector control activities, implementation of diagnostic and case management protocols and a public communication campaign.Discussion: This was the first large dengue outbreak documented in Solomon Islands. Factors that may have contributed to this outbreak include a largely susceptible population, the presence of a highly efficient dengue vector in Honiara, a high-density human population with numerous breeding sites and favourable weather conditions for mosquito proliferation. Although the number of cases has plateaued since 1 April, continued enhanced nationwide surveillance and response activities are necessary.