NusG-dependent RNA polymerase pausing is a frequent function of this universally conserved transcription elongation factor.
NusG-dependent RNA polymerase pausing is a frequent function of this universally conserved transcription elongation factor.
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DOI：
10.1080/10409238.2020.1828261
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
虽然RNA聚合酶（RNAP）的转录是高度进行性的，但延伸可以通过RNAP暂停而暂时停止。暂停为各种调控事件的发生提供了时间，例如RNA折叠和调控因子结合。转录延伸因子NusA和NusG显著影响RNAP暂停的频率和持续时间，从而影响转录的调节。NusG是唯一一个在生命的所有三个领域都保守的转录因子;它在古生菌和真核生物中的同源物是Spt 5。本文综述了枯草芽孢杆菌中常见的NusG依赖性停顿现象。B。NusG在暂停的转录泡内的非模板DNA链中的共有TTNTTT基序处诱导约每3 kb一次的暂停。NusG的保守区域接触TTNTTT基序以稳定多个催化失活RNAP构象中的暂停的转录延伸复合物（TEC）。NusG依赖的暂停位点的密度在非翻译区高3倍，表明暂停可以调节B中数百个基因的表达。枯草芽孢杆菌我们描述了如何在5'前导区暂停有助于调节B的表达。枯草杆菌基因的转录衰减和翻译控制机制。与广泛接受的NusG是抗暂停因子的观点相反，系统发育分析表明，NusG依赖性暂停是细菌中广泛存在的机制。NusG的这种功能与其真核同源物Spt 5在启动子近端暂停中的公认作用一致。由于NusG存在于生命的所有领域，因此NusG依赖性暂停可能是所有生物体中的保守机制。
Although transcription by RNA polymerase (RNAP) is highly processive, elongation can be transiently halted by RNAP pausing. Pausing provides time for diverse regulatory events to occur such as RNA folding and regulatory factor binding. The transcription elongation factors NusA and NusG dramatically affect the frequency and duration of RNAP pausing, and hence regulation of transcription. NusG is the only transcription factor conserved in all three domains of life; its homolog in archaea and eukaryotes is Spt5. This review focuses on NusG-dependent pausing, which is a common occurrence in Bacillus subtilis. B. NusG induces pausing about once per 3 kb at a consensus TTNTTT motif in the non-template DNA strand within the paused transcription bubble. A conserved region of NusG contacts the TTNTTT motif to stabilize the paused transcription elongation complex (TEC) in multiple catalytically inactive RNAP conformations. The density of NusG-dependent pause sites is 3-fold higher in untranslated regions, suggesting that pausing could regulate the expression of hundreds of genes in B. subtilis. We describe how pausing in 5’ leader regions contributes to regulating the expression of B. subtilis genes by transcription attenuation and translation control mechanisms. As opposed to the broadly accepted view that NusG is an anti-pausing factor, phylogenetic analyses suggest that NusG-dependent pausing is a widespread mechanism in bacteria. This function of NusG is consistent with the well-established role of its eukaryotic homolog Spt5 in promoter-proximal pausing. Since NusG is present in all domains of life, NusG-dependent pausing could be a conserved mechanism in all organisms.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Belogurov GA;Sevostyanova A;Svetlov V;Artsimovitch I
通讯作者：
Artsimovitch I
影响因子：
12.3
作者：
Imashimizu M;Takahashi H;Oshima T;McIntosh C;Bubunenko M;Court DL;Kashlev M
通讯作者：
Kashlev M
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Artsimovitch, I;Landick, R
通讯作者：
Landick, R
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Czyz A;Mooney RA;Iaconi A;Landick R
通讯作者：
Landick R
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Du, HS;Babitzke, P
通讯作者：
Babitzke, P