The GID1-mediated gibberellin perception mechanism is conserved in the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii but not in the bryophyte Physcomitrella patens
The GID1-mediated gibberellin perception mechanism is conserved in the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii but not in the bryophyte Physcomitrella patens
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DOI：
10.1105/tpc.107.051524
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Matsuoka, Makoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirano, Ko;Nakajima, Masatoshi;Matsuoka, Makoto
在水稻和拟南芥中，赤霉素(GA)信号是由赤霉素不敏感的DWARF1(GID1)和Della蛋白与GA特异的F-box蛋白共同介导的。为了探索植物何时通过GID1/DELA途径进化出感知GA的能力，我们研究了番茄卷柏和苔藓植物Physcomitrella patens中的这些GA信号成分。一项电子搜索在这两个物种中发现了GID1、DELA和GID2的几个同源物，GID2是水稻中GA特异的F-box蛋白。莫氏链球菌GID1蛋白Sm GID1a和Sm GID1b在体外具有GA结合活性，并在酵母中以依赖于GA的方式与德拉蛋白相互作用。Sm GID1a、SmG1D1b和SmGID2a基因的导入挽救了水稻gid1和gid2突变体的矮秆表型。此外，赤霉菌中的主要赤霉素GA(4)处理导致Sm GID1b、SmGA20氧化酶和SmGA3氧化酶的下调以及Sm DELLA1蛋白的降解。这些结果表明，GID1、DELA和GID2的同源物在莫伦多夫链霉菌和开花植物中的作用方式相似。生化研究表明，在开花植物中，Sm GID1与GID1具有不同的GA结合特性。没有发现这些基因在P.patens中功能保守的证据，这表明如果存在GID1/della介导的GA信号，则不同于维管植物中的信号。我们的结果表明，GID1/DELA介导的GA信号是在维管植物从苔藓谱系分化出来之后出现的。
In rice (Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis thaliana, gibberellin (GA) signaling is mediated by GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) and DELLA proteins in collaboration with a GA-specific F-box protein. To explore when plants evolved the ability to perceive GA by the GID1/DELLA pathway, we examined these GA signaling components in the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii and the bryophyte Physcomitrella patens. An in silico search identified several homologs of GID1, DELLA, and GID2, a GA-specific F-box protein in rice, in both species. Sm GID1a and Sm GID1b, GID1 proteins from S. moellendorffii, showed GA binding activity in vitro and interacted with DELLA proteins from S. moellendorffii in a GA-dependent manner in yeast. Introduction of constitutively expressed Sm GID1a, SmG1D1b, and SmGID2a transgenes rescued the dwarf phenotype of rice gid1 and gid2 mutants. Furthermore, treatment with GA(4), a major GA in S. moellendorffii, caused downregulation of Sm GID1b, SmGA20 oxidase, and SmGA3 oxidase and degradation of the Sm DELLA1 protein. These results demonstrate that the homologs of GID1, DELLA, and GID2 work in a similar manner in S. moellendorffii and in flowering plants. Biochemical studies revealed that Sm GID1s have different GA binding properties from GID1s in flowering plants. No evidence was found for the functional conservation of these genes in P. patens, indicating that GID1/DELLA-mediatedGAsignaling, if present, differs from that in vascular plants. Our results suggest that GID1/DELLA-mediated GAsignaling appeared after the divergence of vascular plants from the moss lineage.