Greenhouse gas intensity of three main crops and implications for low-carbon agriculture in China
Greenhouse gas intensity of three main crops and implications for low-carbon agriculture in China
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DOI：
10.1007/s10584-014-1289-7
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wen Wang;Liping Guo;Yingchun Li;Man Su;Yuebin Lin;C. Perthuis;X. Ju;E. Lin;D. Moran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wen Wang;Liping Guo;Yingchun Li;Man Su;Yuebin Lin;C. Perthuis;X. Ju;E. Lin;D. Moran
中国在协调粮食安全目标和低碳经济目标方面面临重大挑战。农业约占中国全国温室气体（GHG）排放量的11%，其中谷物生产占农业排放量的很大比例（约32%）。将单位产品排放量降至最低是一项政策目标，我们估算了1985 - 2010年中国水稻、小麦和玉米生产的温室气体强度（GHGI）。结果表明，中国各省区GHGI存在显著差异。与小麦和玉米相比，由于甲烷排放，水稻生产的温室气体指数要高得多，而且与产量水平的关系更密切。总体而言，南部和中部是水稻生产碳密集度最高的地区，而小麦生产的GHG I在北部和西北省份最高。西南部的特点是玉米GHGI最高，但水稻GHGI最低。与基准情景相比，氮投入每年减少2%，再加上稻田水管理的改善，到2020年将减少谷物生产温室气体排放总量的17%，同时保持所需的产量增加，以确保粮食安全。更好的管理做法将带来土壤有机碳的额外收益，进一步减少温室气体排放。为了充分发挥减缓潜力，同时最大限度地促进农业发展，制定适当的政策时应考虑到当地的条件。
China faces significant challenges in reconciling food security goals with the objective of becoming a low-carbon economy. Agriculture accounts for approximately 11 % of China’s national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with cereal production representing a large proportion (about 32 %) of agricultural emissions. Minimizing emissions per unit of product is a policy objective and we estimated the GHG intensities (GHGI) of rice, wheat and maize production in China from 1985 to 2010. Results show significant variations of GHGIs among Chinese provinces and regions. Relative to wheat and maize, GHGI of rice production is much higher owing to CH4emissions, and is more closely related to yield levels. In general, the south and central has been the most carbon intensive region in rice production while the GHGI of wheat production is highest in north and northwest provinces. The southwest has been characterized by the highest maize GHGI but the lowest rice GHGI. Compared to the baseline scenario, a 2 % annual reduction in N inputs, combined with improved water management in rice paddies, would mitigate 17 % of total GHG emissions from cereal production in 2020 while sustaining the required yield increase to ensure food security. Better management practices will entail additional gains in soil organic carbon further decreasing GHGI. To realize the full mitigation potential while maximizing agriculture development, the design of appropriate policies should accommodate local conditions.