The history of the Solar system's debris disc: observable properties of the Kuiper belt
The history of the Solar system's debris disc: observable properties of the Kuiper belt
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太阳系碎片盘的历史：柯伊伯带的可观测特性
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Boulder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Booth;M. Wyatt;A. Morbidelli;A. Moro;Harold F. Levison IoA;Cambridge University;UK.;Oca;Nice;France.;C. D. A. ;Madrid;Spain.;Princeton University;Usa;SwRI;Boulder
戈麦斯等人提出的尼斯模型表明，巨行星的迁移引发了一次星子清除事件，这导致了在8.8亿年时发生的晚期重轰击（LHB）。在此，我们按照尼斯模型所描述的太阳系历史来研究柯伊伯带的红外辐射。我们描述了一种将N体星子模拟结果轻松转换为观测特性的方法（假设为黑体颗粒且具有单一尺寸分布），并进一步改进该方法以提高其真实性（使用实际的颗粒特性和三相尺寸分布）。我们将我们的结果与观测到的碎屑盘进行比较，并评估在太阳系外系统中探测到类似LHB过程的合理性。近期的调查显示，4%的恒星在24μm处有过量辐射，16%的恒星在70μm处有过量辐射。我们表明，在LHB之前，太阳系在24μm和70μm处都将处于这些系统中最亮的之列。我们发现，在LHB期间24μm的辐射显著增加，随后迅速下降，并在3000万年之内变得无法探测到，而70μm的辐射在LHB之后直到3.6亿年都仍可探测到。与碎屑盘演化的统计数据进行比较表明，此类耗尽事件必定很罕见，发生在不到12%的类太阳恒星周围，按照这种发生率，我们预计到目前为止检测到的413颗类太阳场恒星中，大约有一颗在24μm处有过量辐射的恒星目前正在经历LHB。我们还发现，在LHB之前，碰撞过程在太阳系中很重要，而且弱柯伊伯带天体的参数与尼斯模型对LHB的解释不一致。
The Nice model of Gomes et al. suggests that the migration of the giant planets caused a planetesimal clearing event, which led to the late heavy bombardment (LHB) at 880 Myr. Here, we investigate the infrared emission from the Kuiper belt during the history of the Solar system as described by the Nice model. We describe a method for easily converting the results of N-body planetesimal simulations into observational properties (assuming blackbody grains and a single size distribution) and further modify this method to improve its realism (using realistic grain properties and a three-phase size distribution). We compare our results with observed debris discs and evaluate the plausibility of detecting an LHB-like process in extrasolar systems. Recent surveys have shown that 4 per cent of stars exhibit 24 μm excess and 16 per cent exhibit 70 μm excess. We show that the Solar system would have been amongst the brightest of these systems before the LHB at both 24 and 70 μm. We find a significant increase in 24 μm emission during the LHB, which rapidly drops off and becomes undetectable within 30 Myr, whereas the 70 μm emission remains detectable until 360 Myr after the LHB. Comparison with the statistics of debris disc evolution shows that such depletion events must be rare occurring around less than 12 per cent of Sun-like stars and with this level of incidence we would expect approximately one of the 413 Sun-like field stars so far detected to have a 24 μm excess to be currently going through an LHB. We also find that collisional processes are important in the Solar system before the LHB and that parameters for weak Kuiper belt objects are inconsistent with the Nice model interpretation of the LHB.
DOI：
10.1088/0004-637x/691/2/l133
发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Stewart;Z. Leinhardt
通讯作者：
S. Stewart;Z. Leinhardt
灾难性小天体碰撞的全面数值模拟
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Leinhardt Z
通讯作者：
Leinhardt Z