Emotion-Modulated Startle Reflex During Reappraisal: Probe Timing and Behavioral Correlates
Emotion-Modulated Startle Reflex During Reappraisal: Probe Timing and Behavioral Correlates
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重新评估期间的情绪调节惊吓反射：探测时机和行为相关性
DOI：
10.1037/bne0000271
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Schmahl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zaehringer;Schmahl
负性情绪的下调已被证明可以可靠地抑制情绪调制的惊吓反射，但目前尚不清楚惊吓探测器的时机是否会影响情绪调节的量化。此外，惊吓抑制的程度是否与消极情绪的主观衰减相对应，目前尚不清楚。因此，本研究的两个主要目标是，第一，系统地分析探测时间对惊吓抑制的影响，第二，探索主观感知的唤醒和效价下调与惊吓抑制程度之间的关联。我们向N= 47名参与者展示了负面和中性图片。图片与重新评价或保持这些图片引起的情绪的指令配对。探针在三个不同的时间在12.5秒的调节阶段，并与肌电图测量惊吓反应。每次试验后评估效价和唤醒等级。结果显示，在重新评估过程中，探测时间对惊吓抑制没有显著影响。惊吓抑制和知觉下调唤醒显着正相关，而知觉下调价没有。这些结果为未来的研究提供了重要的启示，在惊吓探测器的时间和阐明惊吓抑制的解释作为一个指标的主观衰减的负面情绪。
Down-regulation of negative emotions has been shown to reliably inhibit the emotion-modulated startle reflex, but it remains unclear whether the timing of the startle probe influences the quantification of emotion regulation with this measure. Moreover, it is not known whether the degree of startle inhibition corresponds to the subjective attenuation of negative emotions. Therefore, the two main goals of the study were, first, to systematically analyze the effect of probe time on startle inhibition and, second, to explore the association between subjectively perceived down-regulation of arousal and valence and the degree of startle inhibition. We presented negative and neutral pictures to N= 47 participants. Pictures were paired with the instruction to reappraise or to maintain the emotions elicited by these pictures. Probes were delivered at three different times during a 12.5-s regulation phase, and the startle response was measured with electromyography. Valence and arousal ratings were assessed after each trial. Results revealed no significant impact of probe time on startle inhibition during reappraisal. Startle inhibition and perceived down-regulation of arousal were significantly and positively correlated, whereas perceived down-regulation of valence was not. The results provide important implications for future studies in terms of startle probe timing and shed light onto the interpretation of startle inhibition as an indicator of subjective attenuation of negative emotions.
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