Postnatal development of radial glia and the ventricular zone (VZ):: a continuum of the neural stem cell compartment
Postnatal development of radial glia and the ventricular zone (VZ):: a continuum of the neural stem cell compartment
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/13.6.580
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Alvarez-Buylla, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tramontin, AD;García-Verdugo, JM;Alvarez-Buylla, A
生发神经上皮，或发育中胎儿大脑的脑室带(VZ)，曾被认为转化为出生后和成人大脑的非生发室管膜区域。然而，神经干细胞和神经发生在出生后的整个生命过程中的持续存在，表明胚胎和成人生发脑中心之间存在一个连续体。在此，我们认为，脑室壁(脑的主要生发中心)的解剖学和分子标志物表达的发育变化可能误导了我们对VZ从生发上皮到非生发上皮转变的当前解释。我们回顾了以前的研究，并提供了新的数据表明生发。具有与胚胎VZ相似特征的层持续存在于出生后小鼠大脑的侧脑室壁，这是一个成年脑室下区(SVZ)发育的区域，神经发生持续到成年生活。出生后早期的VZ主要由放射状胶质细胞体组成，这些细胞体保持增殖，表现为运动间的核迁移，并作为新神经元的前体。室管膜细胞逐渐充填侧脑室壁，但来自放射状神经胶质的星形胶质细胞亚群仍与脑室腔接触，它们在脑室腔内延伸出与神经上皮细胞和放射状细胞相似的单个纤毛。我们认为，VZ‘间隔’在出生后被保留，这个小生境可能是干细胞功能所必需的。
The germinal neuroepithelium, or ventricular zone (VZ) of the developing fetal brain, was once thought to transform into the non-germinal ependymal zone of the postnatal and adult brain. Persistence of neural stem cells and neurogenesis throughout postnatal life, however, suggests a continuum between embryonic and adult germinal brain centers. Here, we suggest that developmental changes in anatomy and molecular marker expression in the ventricular walls (the principal germinal centers of the brain) may have misled us into current interpretations of VZ transformation from a germinal to a non-germinal epithelium. We review previous studies and present new data indicating that a germinal. layer with characteristics similar to those of the embryonic VZ persists in lateral ventricular walls of the postnatal mouse brain, a region where the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) develops and where neurogenesis persists into adult life. The early postnatal VZ is largely composed of radial glial cell bodies that remain proliferative, display interkinetic nuclear migration and serve as progenitors of new neurons. Ependymal cells then progressively populate the walls of the lateral ventricle but a subpopulation of astrocytes, derived from radial glia, remain in contact with the ventricle lumen, into which they extend a single cilium similar to that found on neuroepithelial cells and radial cells. We propose that a VZ' compartment' is retained postnatally and that this niche may be essential for stem cell function.