Examining the effects of COVID-19 on pharmacy dispensing of naloxone and syringes sales across Massachusetts and New Hampshire.
Examining the effects of COVID-19 on pharmacy dispensing of naloxone and syringes sales across Massachusetts and New Hampshire.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.japh.2022.10.012
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Green TC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolivar D;Hartung D;Silcox J;Bratberg J;Boggis J;Rabin M;Green TC
2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 封锁中断了人们获得已知可有效预防过量用药的减害用品和服务，并导致阿片类药物危机恶化。然而，由于药店可以提供纳洛酮并销售非处方 (OTC) 无菌注射器，因此它们在整个大流行期间的持续运营可能会加强其作为更安全使用用品的分销中心的公共卫生作用。本分析的目的是调查 COVID-19 大流行期间服药过量率较高的 2 个州 463 家社区药房的纳洛酮和 OTC 注射器销售量模式。我们分析了 2020 年 1 月 5 日至 2020 年 12 月 31 日期间来自马萨诸塞州（n = 415 家药店）和新罕布什尔州（n = 48 家药店）的一家企业社区药房连锁店的每周药房级别配药数据。作为对结果的初步探索，生成了分析期间的描述性统计数据和可视化。使用零膨胀泊松和负二项式模型来分析分布数据以及同时县级 COVID-19 病例率和商店级 COVID-19 检测位置状态。交互测试了 COVID-19 病例发生率对纳洛酮和 OTC 注射器销售的影响。研究期间报告销售非处方注射器和配发纳洛酮的药房平均每周销售 210.13 个非处方注射器和 0.53 个纳洛酮处方。在此期间，经历过 COVID-19 病例负担较大的社区的药房的纳洛酮配药和非处方药注射器销量也较高。随着时间的推移，销售非处方药注射器的可能性有所增加，但纳洛酮的配药量在疫情大流行的一年中保持不变。与非检测场所相比，进行 COVID-19 检测的药房的 OTC 注射器销量和纳洛酮供应量往往较低。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，药房通过快速适应满足社区需求，提供减少伤害服务并分发救生药物，同时又不中断用于应对 COVID-19 的同地服务。
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdowns disrupted access to harm reduction supplies and services known to be effective in overdose prevention and contributed to a worsening of the opioid crisis. However, because pharmacies can provide naloxone and sell over-the-counter (OTC) sterile syringes, their continued operation throughout the pandemic potentially reinforced a public health role as a distribution hub for safer use supplies. The objective of this analysis was to examine patterns of naloxone and OTC syringe sale volume at 463 community pharmacies in 2 states with high overdose rates during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed weekly pharmacy-level dispensing data from January 5, 2020, to December 31, 2020, from one corporate community pharmacy chain in Massachusetts (n = 415 pharmacies) and New Hampshire (n = 48 pharmacies). Descriptive statistics and visualizations over the analytical period were generated as initial explorations of the outcome. Zero-inflated Poisson and negative binomial models were used to analyze distribution data along with county-level COVID-19 case rates and store-level COVID-19 testing location status during the same time. Interactions tested the effect of COVID-19 case rates on naloxone and OTC syringe sales. Pharmacies that reported selling nonprescription syringes and dispensing naloxone during the study period averaged 210.13 OTC syringes sold and 0.53 naloxone prescriptions per week. Pharmacies in communities that experienced greater COVID-19 case burden also exhibited higher naloxone dispensing and OTC syringe sales during this period. The odds of selling OTC syringes increased over time but naloxone dispensing remained constant over the pandemic year. Pharmacies hosting COVID-19 testing tended to have lower OTC syringe sales and naloxone provision than nontesting sites. During the COVID-19 pandemic, pharmacies provided harm reduction services and dispensed lifesaving medications by quickly adapting to fulfill community needs without disrupting co-located services for COVID-19 response.
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Green, Traci C.;Bratberg, Jeffrey;Irwin, Adriane N.;Boggis, Jesse;Gray, Mary;Leichtling, Gillian;Bolivar, Derek;Floyd, Anthony;Al-Jammali, Zain;Arnold, Jenny;Hansen, Ryan;Hartung, Daniel
通讯作者：
Hartung, Daniel
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Stopka, Thomas J.;Hutcheson, Marguerite;Donahue, Ashley
通讯作者：
Donahue, Ashley
DOI：
10.1016/j.japh.2021.12.013
发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA
影响因子：
--
作者：
Pantasri T
通讯作者：
Pantasri T
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Saloner, Brendan;McGinty, Emma E.;Sherman, Susan G.
通讯作者：
Sherman, Susan G.
DOI：
10.1016/j.japh.2021.08.015
发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA
影响因子：
--
作者：
Patel J;Christofferson N;Goodlet KJ
通讯作者：
Goodlet KJ