Cooperation through image scoring in humans
Cooperation through image scoring in humans
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DOI：
10.1126/science.288.5467.850
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发表时间：
2000-05-05
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Milinski, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wedekind, C;Milinski, M
“公地悲剧”，即对公共领域资源的自私剥削，是我们许多日常社会冲突的原因。然而，人类对他人的帮助往往比进化理论所预测的更大，除非间接互惠发生，并且基于形象评分（反映了群体对个人的看法），正如最近的博弈论所表明的那样。我们在控制混杂因素的条件下测试了这个想法。在早期互动中对他人慷慨的接受者更经常捐款。这表明，图像评分促进合作行为的情况下，直接互惠是不可能的。
The "tragedy of the commons," that is, the selfish exploitation of resources in the public domain, is a reason for many of our everyday social conflicts. However, humans are often more helpful to others than evolutionary theory would predict, unless indirect reciprocity takes place and is based on image scoring (which reflects the way an individual is viewed by a group), as recently shown by game theorists. We tested this idea under conditions that control for confounding factors. Donations were more frequent to receivers who had been generous to others in earlier interactions. This shows that image scoring promotes cooperative behavior in situations where direct reciprocity is unlikely.