Multiple Sources of Solar High-energy Protons
Multiple Sources of Solar High-energy Protons
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/abff57
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Kocharov;N. Omodei;A. Mishev;M. Pesce-Rollins;F. Longo;Sijie Yu;D. Gary;R. Vainio;I. Usoskin
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Kocharov;N. Omodei;A. Mishev;M. Pesce-Rollins;F. Longo;Sijie Yu;D. Gary;R. Vainio;I. Usoskin
在第24个太阳活动周期间，费米大面积望远镜（LAT）共观测到27次具有延迟γ射线发射的太阳耀斑，包括2017年9月10日观测异常良好的耀斑和日冕物质抛射（CME）。基于费米/LAT数据，我们首次绘制了2017年9月10日事件延迟>100 MeV γ射线发射的可能来源的地图。持续时间较长的γ射线辐射位于日冕物质抛射核心之下。γ射线谱在时间上呈现出间歇性的变化，这意味着在耀斑-CME爆发期间形成了不止一个高能质子源。我们发现Fermi/LAT观测到的延迟事件的γ射线注量与相应的CME速度和软X射线耀斑幅度的平方根的乘积之间有很好的统计相关性。数据支持这样一种观点，即耀斑和日冕物质抛射共同促进了太阳附近次相对论性和相对论性质子的产生。
During the 24th solar cycle, the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has observed a total of 27 solar flares possessing delayed γ-ray emission, including the exceptionally well-observed flare and coronal mass ejection (CME) on 2017 September 10. Based on the Fermi/LAT data, we plot, for the first time, maps of possible sources of the delayed >100 MeV γ-ray emission of the 2017 September 10 event. The long-lasting γ-ray emission is localized under the CME core. The γ-ray spectrum exhibits intermittent changes in time, implying that more than one source of high-energy protons was formed during the flare–CME eruption. We find a good statistical correlation between the γ-ray fluences of the Fermi/LAT-observed delayed events and the products of corresponding CME speed and the square root of the soft X-ray flare magnitude. Data support the idea that both flares and CMEs jointly contribute to the production of subrelativistic and relativistic protons near the Sun.