THE DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE CHEMICAL BOND AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE STRUCTURE OF BENZENE
THE DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE CHEMICAL BOND AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE STRUCTURE OF BENZENE
复制标题
化学键动力学模型及其在苯结构中的应用
DOI：
10.1021/ja01416a003
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发表时间：
1926
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
L. Pauling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Pauling
玻尔原子的持续成功，使得除了最谨慎的物理学家之外，所有的物理学家都把一定的真实性归因于作为理论基础的物理概念；也就是说，原子是由电子组成的，这些电子围绕着带正电的原子核在稳定的轨道上旋转。在那些简单到可以用数学方法处理的情况下，可以通过应用量子理论的原理来确定这些稳定的轨道，从而验证动态原子的正确性，因为量子理论已经被广泛地用于解释各种各样的现象。因此，在试图以原子结构为基础来解释物质的化学性质时，似乎最好假定玻尔理论是正确的，并且只对该理论作必要的和合乎逻辑的扩展。这是Knorr所遵循的程序，他首先提出并支持了在非电离分子中电子围绕两个原子核的轨道运动的观点。此后，支持克诺尔观点的进一步证据已经出现。对晶体结构的研究也为化学键的性质提供了有价值的信息。本文回顾了支持分子动力学模型的论点，并提出了晶体结构证据，表明在分子或离子中，原子可能具有稳定的电子排列，而不是稀有气体的电子排列。然后根据这些概念提出并简要讨论了苯和其他芳香族化合物的电子结构。化学键的电子-轨道共享理论。- lewis3,4表明电子有很强的成对倾向。在玻尔原子方面的配对电子-1国家研究员。
The continued success of the Bohr atom has led all physicists except the most cautious to attribute a certain reality to the physical concept underlying the theory; namely, that the atom is composed of electrons rotating in stable orbits about the positive nucleus. The determination of these stable orbits can be made, in those cases that are simple enough to permit mathematical treatment, by the application of the principles of the quantum theory, thus verifying the correctness of the dynamic atom, since the quantum theory has been widely used in the explanation of the most varied phenomena. Hence, in attempting to explain the chem-ical properties of substances on the basis of the structure of the atom it would seem desirable to assume the Bohr theory to be true, and to make only those changes and additionswhich are necessary andlogical extensions of the theory. This was the procedure followed by Knorr, 8 who first suggested andsupported the idea that in non-ionized molecules electrons are in motion in orbits about two atomicnuclei. Further evi-dence in support of Knorr’s views has since become available. The study of the structures of crystals has also provided valuable infor-mation regarding the nature of the chemical bond. In this paper the arguments in favor of the dynamic models of molecules are reviewed and crystal structure evidence is presented to show that in molecules or ions, atoms may have stable electronic arrangements other than those of the noble gases. Electronic structures of benzene and other aromatic com-pounds based on these conceptions are then suggested and briefly discussed. The Electron-Orbit-Sharing Theory of Chemical Bonding The Pairing of Electrons.—Lewis3, 4 has shown that electrons have a strong tendency to pair. In terms of the Bohr atom the pairing of elec-1 National Research Fellow.