Shifts in Audiovisual Processing in Healthy Aging.
Shifts in Audiovisual Processing in Healthy Aging.
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DOI：
10.1007/s40473-017-0124-7
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发表时间：
2017-09
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Stevenson R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baum SH;Stevenson R
将不同感觉形式的信息整合成统一的知觉是一种基本的感觉过程，许多认知过程都以此为基础。我们回顾了在过去五年中出版的探索视听整合中与衰老相关的变化的文献。具体地说，我们回顾了时间加工变化的影响，感觉输入有效性的影响，工作记忆的作用，以及在这些过程中个体内部变异性的最新研究。在过去的五年里，关于感官知觉自下而上的影响的研究引起了人们的极大关注。时间加工是多感觉整合的驱动因素，现在已被证明在衰老过程中与多感觉整合解耦，尽管它们随着年龄的增长而共同衰退。刺激效果的影响也随着年龄的变化而变化，在高信噪比的情况下，老年人表现出从多感官获得的最大好处。在感觉衰退之后，高工作记忆容量现在已被证明在某种程度上是防止与年龄相关的视听言语知觉下降的保护因素，尤其是在噪音中。最后，更新的研究正在涌现，重点是随着年龄的增长而观察到的普遍的个体内变异性。总体而言，过去五年的研究在以前工作的基础上进行了复制和扩展，这些工作强调了自下而上的感觉随着年龄的变化所起的作用及其对视听整合的影响，以及工作记忆的自上而下的影响。
The integration of information across sensory modalities into unified percepts is a fundamental sensory process upon which a multitude of cognitive processes are based. We review the body of literature exploring aging-related changes in audiovisual integration published over the last five years. Specifically, we review the impact of changes in temporal processing, the influence of the effectiveness of sensory inputs, the role of working memory, and the newer studies of intra-individual variability during these processes. Work in the last five years on bottom-up influences of sensory perception has garnered significant attention. Temporal processing, a driving factors of multisensory integration, has now been shown to decouple with multisensory integration in aging, despite their co-decline with aging. The impact of stimulus effectiveness also changes with age, where older adults show maximal benefit from multisensory gain at high signal-to-noise ratios. Following sensory decline, high working memory capacities have now been shown to be somewhat of a protective factor against age-related declines in audiovisual speech perception, particularly in noise. Finally, newer research is emerging focusing on the general intra-individual variability observed with aging. Overall, the studies of the past five years have replicated and expanded on previous work that highlights the role of bottom-up sensory changes with aging and their influence on audiovisual integration, as well as the top-down influence of working memory.