Tackling policy leakage and targeting hotspots could be key to addressing the ‘Wicked’ challenge of nutrient pollution from corn production in the U.S.
Tackling policy leakage and targeting hotspots could be key to addressing the ‘Wicked’ challenge of nutrient pollution from corn production in the U.S.
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/acf727
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发表时间：
2023-09
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Jing Liu;Laura C Bowling;C. Kucharik;S. Jame;U. Baldos;Larissa Jarvis;N. Ramankutty;Thomas W Hertel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jing Liu;Laura C Bowling;C. Kucharik;S. Jame;U. Baldos;Larissa Jarvis;N. Ramankutty;Thomas W Hertel
减少农业养分流失以改善水质需要综合管理做法。然而，目前尚不清楚不同的政策单独或结合起来可能产生何种缓解模式，以及对地方和国家土地使用和农场收益的影响。我们通过构建一个综合的多尺度框架来评估美国玉米生产的替代氮损失管理政策，以解决这一研究空白。这一方法将特定地点和做法的农业生态系统进程与网格分解经济模型相结合，以确定可优先考虑的地点，从而提高政策的经济效率。我们发现，区域措施，虽然有效地减少当地的氮素损失，可以取代玉米生产的氮肥生产率低，养分流失率高的地区，从而抵消了养分管理策略的整体效果。这种空间溢出效应可以通过实施局部措施与全国性政策相结合来抑制。湿地恢复与化肥分次施用相结合，沿着氮损失税，可以减少30%的硝酸盐氮损失到密西西比河，而玉米价格只增加不到2%。
Reducing nutrient loss from agriculture to improve water quality requires a combination of management practices. However, it has been unclear what pattern of mitigation is likely to emerge from different policies, individually and combined, and the consequences for local and national land use and farm returns. We address this research gap by constructing an integrated multi-scale framework for evaluating alternative nitrogen loss management policies for corn production in the US. This approach combines site- and practice-specific agro-ecosystem processes with a grid-resolving economic model to identify locations that can be prioritized to increase the economic efficiency of the policies. We find that regional measures, albeit effective in reducing local nitrogen loss, can displace corn production to the area where nitrogen fertilizer productivity is low and nutrient loss rate is high, thereby offsetting the overall effectiveness of the nutrient management strategy. This spatial spillover effect can be suppressed by implementing the partial measures in tandem with nationwide policies. Wetland restoration combined with split fertilizer application, along with a nitrogen loss tax could reduce nitrate nitrogen loss to the Mississippi River by 30% while only increasing corn prices by less than 2%.