Institutional Opportunities, Discursive Opportunities and the Political Participation of Migrants in European Cities
Institutional Opportunities, Discursive Opportunities and the Political Participation of Migrants in European Cities
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欧洲城市的制度机会、话语机会和移民的政治参与
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Marco Giugni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Manlio Cinalli;Marco Giugni
政治背景设定了政治参与和政治动员发生的参数，这一观点在社会运动和有争议的政治的学生中相当普遍（见Kriesi，1973年; Kriesi等人，1995; McAdam，1999; Tarrow，1998;蒂利，1978）。移民组织开展的政治活动也是如此（Bloemraad，2006年; Vermeulen，2006年）。然而，以前的工作强调了制度化的政治制度的影响，在很大程度上忽略了更多的文化和象征性的背景方面。此外，以前的工作着眼于解释集体行动的政治机会的作用，很少关注它们如何影响个人参与和行为（但见Leighley，2001; Morales，2009）。本章从事一套“机会结构”的系统分析，从制度上的机会，话语的机会，在个人层面上的移民的政治参与。政治环境在多大程度上影响个人参与？如果有影响，我们如何才能从这种背景下的话语方面解开制度？在决策方面有何影响？
The idea that the political context sets the parameters within which political participation and mobilization occur is quite common among students of social movements and contentious politics (see Eisinger, 1973; Kriesi et al., 1995; McAdam, 1999; Tarrow, 1998; Tilly, 1978). This holds as well for the political activities carried out by migrants’ organizations (Bloemraad, 2006; Vermeulen, 2006). However, previous work has stressed the impact of the institutionalized political system, largely overlooking more cultural and symbolic contextual aspects. In addition, previous work has looked at the role of political opportunities for explaining collective action, focusing much less on how they influence individual participation and behaviour (but see Leighley, 2001; Morales, 2009). This chapter engages with the systematic analysis of a set of ‘opportunity structures’, ranging from institutional opportunities to discursive opportunities, for the political participation of migrants at the individual level. To what extent does the political context influence individual participation? If there is an impact, how can we disentangle the institutional from the discursive aspects of that context? What are the implications in terms of policy-making?