The multi-level governance challenge of climate change
The multi-level governance challenge of climate change
复制标题
气候变化的多层次治理挑战
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Gupta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Gupta
气候变化问题要求采取全球行动，处理温室气体排放问题，并采取适应政策，提高人们科普气候变化潜在影响的能力。文献和政治集中在全球和欧洲联盟层面的瓶颈，研究国际和超国家的政治框架来处理这些问题的限制。在国家一级的政策手段方面也做了大量工作。鉴于不同的政治和行政结构以及向省级和地方当局下放权力的趋势，很少有文章研究国内背景下的政策实施情况。现有的文献集中于少数几个国家（例如Angel等人，1998年; Deangelo和Harvey，1998年; Bulgarian和Betsill，2003年; Rezessy等人，2006年）。这期特刊旨在通过研究法国、意大利、荷兰和中国的国家、省和地方行为体之间如何分担政策责任来弥补这一差距，并对现有文献进行补充。这四个国家的选择是这些国家的机构之间的合作项目自动产生的。当我们开始就这一特别问题开展工作时，我们希望会有不同国家背景下的相关文献。这被证明是非常虚幻的，我们不得不进行初步的数据收集工作，以了解不同国家的不同治理级别之间如何分担责任，以应对前所未有的气候变化问题。这份特刊包括五份论文、一份理论论文和四份国别研究报告。后者审查国家政策、中央和下级政府之间的责任分工以及每个国家将任务分配给不同治理级别的方式方法，或下级政府和社区可以采取自己的举措的程序。案例研究审查了城市、省份或农村地区的具体政策发展，然后得出关于各级政策空间和一般行政能力限制的结论。下文简要讨论了分析中出现的一些令人感兴趣的问题。
The problem of climate change calls for global action to deal with the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and adaptation policies to enhance the resilience of people to cope with the potential impacts of climate change. The literature and politics has focused on the bottlenecks at the global and European Union level, examining the limits of the international and supranational political framework to deal with such problems. Much work has also been done on policy instruments at the national level. Few articles have examined the implementation of policy in domestic contexts, given the different political and administrative structures and the trend towards decentralization of powers to provincial and local authorities. The available literature focuses on few countries (e.g. Angel et al. 1998; Deangelo & Harvey 1998; Bulkeley & Betsill 2003; Rezessy et al. 2006). This special issue aims to address this gap and complement existing literature by examining how policy responsibilities are shared between national, provincial and local actors in France, Italy, the Netherlands and China. The choice of these four countries emerged automatically out of a collaborative project between institutions from these countries. When we started to work on this special issue, we hoped that there would be relevant literature in different national contexts. This turned out to be quite illusory and we have had to undertake primary data gathering efforts to understand how responsibilities are shared between different governance levels in different countries to deal with the unprecedented problem of climate change. This special issue consists of five papers, one theoretical paper and four country studies. The latter examine national policy, the division of responsibility between central and lower governments and the ways and means by which each country allocates tasks to different governance levels or the processes by which lower governments and communities can adopt their own initiatives. The case studies examine specific policy developments in cities, provinces or rural areas, and then derive conclusions about the policy space at different levels and about the limits of administrative capacity in general. Some of the interesting issues that arise from the analysis are discussed briefly below.