Postfledging dispersal of red‐fronted parakeets (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) from a fenced mainland sanctuary
Postfledging dispersal of red‐fronted parakeets (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) from a fenced mainland sanctuary
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红额长尾小鹦鹉 (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) 幼雏后从大陆围栏保护区中扩散
DOI：
10.1111/csp2.337
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
N. Nelson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Irwin;K. Kikillus;R. Gray;R. Empson;N. Nelson
易位是保护面临灭绝危险的物种免受一系列威胁的重要工具。然而，许多受威胁的物种的生活史易位之前的理解往往是缺乏尽管易位成功的关键。例如，在迁移后的几年里，特别是当一个受保护的释放地点被未受管理的栖息地包围时，从释放地点扩散可能导致无法建立自我维持的种群;因此，成功的迁移实践必须包括对物种扩散模式的理解。我们研究了从红额长尾鹦鹉（Cyanoramphus novaezelanalus）或kākāriki种群中饲养的22只幼鸟的羽化后扩散，这些幼鸟6年前被转移到新西兰惠灵顿的大陆保护区。这是第一个迁移到新西兰大陆的物种之一，并提出了几个未知数，特别是一个种群是否会在一个由连续森林和郊区接壤的保护区建立。少年卡卡西被无线电追踪，他们的位置每天记录一次，每周5天，持续6个月或直到发射器电池耗尽。大约三分之一的无线电跟踪的少年分散在保护区外被捕食者杀死。卡卡里奇幼鸟在保护区以外的扩散是雄性偏向的，可能是由于避免近亲繁殖，扩散的距离随着身体状况的改善而减少。随着物种越来越多地被转移回新西兰大陆，在这项研究中获得的信息有助于填补一个基本的知识空白，在大陆的情况下，扩散行为。
Translocations are an important tool for conserving species at risk of extinction from a range of threats. However, an understanding of the life history of many threatened species prior to translocation is often lacking despite being critical for translocation success. For example, dispersal away from the release site in the years following a translocation—particularly when a protected release site is surrounded by unmanaged habitat—can result in failure to establish a self‐sustaining population; successful translocation practice must therefore include an understanding of a species' dispersal patterns. We examined the postfledging dispersal of 22 juveniles reared from a population of red‐fronted parakeets (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae), or kākāriki, translocated to a mainland sanctuary in Wellington, New Zealand, 6 years prior. The translocation was one of the first of this species to mainland New Zealand and presented several unknowns, in particular whether a population would establish in a sanctuary bordered both by contiguous forest as well as suburban areas. Juvenile kākāriki were radio‐tracked and their location recorded once a day, 5 days per week, for 6 months or until the transmitter battery was exhausted. Approximately one‐third of radio‐tracked juveniles that dispersed outside the sanctuary were killed by predators. Kākāriki postfledging dispersal beyond the sanctuary was male‐biased, possibly driven by inbreeding avoidance, and distance dispersed decreased with increasing body condition. As species are increasingly being translocated back to mainland New Zealand, information gained in this study helps to fill a fundamental knowledge gap regarding dispersal behavior in a mainland context.