The Relationship between Home Environment and Children's Dietary Behaviors, Lifestyle Factors, and Health: Super Food Education School Project by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
The Relationship between Home Environment and Children's Dietary Behaviors, Lifestyle Factors, and Health: Super Food Education School Project by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
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DOI：
10.11236/jph.63.4_190
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tatsuse, Takashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nakahori, Nobue;Sekine, Michikazu;Tatsuse, Takashi
目的核心家庭和职业女性的数量一直在增加。家庭环境的这种变化可能会影响儿童的饮食行为、生活方式因素和健康。本研究旨在了解家庭环境与儿童饮食行为、生活方式因素、健康状况之间的关系。方法2014年7月，我们在富山县高冈市对五所参加超级食品教育学校项目的小学的学生和家长进行了问卷调查。在2057名调查对象中，1936名(94.1%)回答了问题，其中1719名被试进行了分析。在本研究中，“家庭环境”一词描述了“母亲的就业状况”、“家庭结构”、“主观经济状况”、“父母与子女之间的沟通”、“与家人共进早餐或晚餐”、“子女的家务劳动”、“父母的饮食教育意识”、“重视均衡营养”、“教学餐桌礼仪”等术语。以儿童的饮食行为、生活方式因素和健康状况为因变量，以家庭环境相关项目为自变量，进行Logistic回归分析。结果有工作的儿童、父母不与家人一起吃早餐或晚餐的儿童、不帮忙做家务的儿童和父母饮食教育意识不强的儿童更倾向于少吃蔬菜、喜欢和不喜欢食物、不吃早餐和吃零食。与父母沟通不多、不帮助做家务的孩子，以及父母对饮食教育意识较低的孩子，锻炼、睡得好、看电视的时间更少，玩电子游戏的时间也更少。家境较差的儿童、与父母沟通较少的儿童、不帮忙做家务的儿童、父母缺乏饮食教育意识的儿童，其健康满意度较高，醒来时感觉良好、平静或自我肯定较好。结论本研究结果表明，良好的家庭环境与儿童良好的饮食行为、积极的生活方式因素和良好的健康有关。保持良好的家庭环境很重要，例如通过提高父母的饮食意识，增加孩子与父母之间的交流机会，让孩子帮助做家务，以改善孩子的饮食行为、生活方式因素和健康。
ObjectivesThe numbers of nuclear families and working women have been increasing. Such changes in the home environment may affect children's dietary behaviors, lifestyle factors, and health. This study aims to clarify the associations between the home environment and children's dietary behaviors, lifestyle factors, and health.MethodsIn July 2014, we questioned the students and parents of five elementary schools that joined the Super Food Education School Project in Takaoka City, Toyama Prefecture. Of 2057 subjects, 1936 (94.1%) answered and 1719 of these subjects were analyzed. In this study, the phrase "home environment" describes such terms as "mother's employment status", "family structure", "subjective economic state", "communication between parents and children", "having breakfast or supper with family", "household chores by children", "parents' awareness of food education", "regard for balanced nutrition", and "teaching table manners". We performed logistic-regression analyses using children's dietary behaviors, lifestyle factors, and health as dependent variables; the items relating to home environment were independent variables.ResultsChildren with parents who are employed, those who do not have breakfast or supper with family, those who do not help with household chores, and those with parents who are less conscious of food education were more likely to eat fewer vegetables, to have likes and dislikes of foods, to skip breakfast, and to have snacks. Children who have little communication with their parents, who do not help with household chores, and those with parents who are less conscious of food education were less likely to exercise, sleep well, spend less time with television, and spend less time on playing videogames. Children with less affluence, those who have little communication with their parents, those who do not help with household chores, and those with parents who are less conscious of food education were less likely to have high health satisfaction levels, to feel good when waking up, to be calm, or to have good self-affirmation.ConclusionThe results of this study show that a good home environment relates to children's good dietary behaviors, positive lifestyle factors, and good health. It is important to maintain a good home environment, such as by raising parents' food awareness, increasing opportunities for communication between children and parents, and having children help with household chores to improve children's dietary behaviors, lifestyle factors, and health.