The Power of Environmental Observatories for Advancing Multidisciplinary Research, Outreach, and Decision Support: The Case of the Minnesota River Basin
The Power of Environmental Observatories for Advancing Multidisciplinary Research, Outreach, and Decision Support: The Case of the Minnesota River Basin
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/2018wr024211
复制
发表时间：
2019-04
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
K. Gran;Christine L. Dolph;Anna Baker;M. Bevis;Se Jong Cho;J. Czuba;B. Dalzell;M. Danesh‐Yazdi;Amy T. Hansen;S. Kelly;Z. Lang;Jon Schwenk;P. Belmont;J. C. Finlay;Praveen Kumar;S. Rabotyagov;G. Roehrig;P. Wilcock;E. Foufoula‐Georgiou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Gran;Christine L. Dolph;Anna Baker;M. Bevis;Se Jong Cho;J. Czuba;B. Dalzell;M. Danesh‐Yazdi;Amy T. Hansen;S. Kelly;Z. Lang;Jon Schwenk;P. Belmont;J. C. Finlay;Praveen Kumar;S. Rabotyagov;G. Roehrig;P. Wilcock;E. Foufoula‐Georgiou
天文台规模的数据收集工作为在大型、复杂的流域进行综合、多学科调查提供了前所未有的机会，这可能会影响管理决策和政策。通过国家科学基金会资助的REACH(加速变化下的弹性)项目，与集中管理的景观-临界区天文台合作，我们在美国明尼苏达州中南部的明尼苏达州流域收集了一系列多学科的数据集，明尼苏达州是密西西比河上游的一条43,400平方公里的支流。明尼苏达州河谷内的冰后切割形成了对水文变化高度敏感的侵蚀地貌，使得能够跨学科研究由于集约农业管理和气候变化而引起的水文和土地使用变化所引起的复杂的环境变化级联。收集的数据集包括水化学和生物地球化学数据、主要沉积物来源的地球化学指纹、对河流断崖侵蚀的高分辨率监测以及大洪水后的重复航道断面和水深测量数据。数据收集工作导致开发了一系列综合的、降低复杂性的模型，这些模型可以更深入地了解水、沉积物和营养物质如何通过大型河道网络进行传递和转化，并对变化做出反应。这些模型代表了整合跨学科数据集和科学以获得对分水岭规模进程的新见解，以促进管理和决策的努力的高潮。本文件的目的是综合数据集和模型，将其传播给社区进行进一步研究，并确定用于扩大短期观测站规模数据收集工作的时间和空间范围的机制。
Observatory‐scale data collection efforts allow unprecedented opportunities for integrative, multidisciplinary investigations in large, complex watersheds, which can affect management decisions and policy. Through the National Science Foundation‐funded REACH (REsilience under Accelerated CHange) project, in collaboration with the Intensively Managed Landscapes‐Critical Zone Observatory, we have collected a series of multidisciplinary data sets throughout the Minnesota River Basin in south‐central Minnesota, USA, a 43,400‐km2 tributary to the Upper Mississippi River. Postglacial incision within the Minnesota River valley created an erosional landscape highly responsive to hydrologic change, allowing for transdisciplinary research into the complex cascade of environmental changes that occur due to hydrology and land use alterations from intensive agricultural management and climate change. Data sets collected include water chemistry and biogeochemical data, geochemical fingerprinting of major sediment sources, high‐resolution monitoring of river bluff erosion, and repeat channel cross‐sectional and bathymetry data following major floods. The data collection efforts led to development of a series of integrative reduced complexity models that provide deeper insight into how water, sediment, and nutrients route and transform through a large channel network and respond to change. These models represent the culmination of efforts to integrate interdisciplinary data sets and science to gain new insights into watershed‐scale processes in order to advance management and decision making. The purpose of this paper is to present a synthesis of the data sets and models, disseminate them to the community for further research, and identify mechanisms used to expand the temporal and spatial extent of short‐term observatory‐scale data collection efforts.