STUDIES ON MUTUALISTIC SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN SYCONIA AND SYCOPHILOUS WASPS IN MONOECIOUS FIGS
STUDIES ON MUTUALISTIC SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN SYCONIA AND SYCOPHILOUS WASPS IN MONOECIOUS FIGS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1971.tb02578.x
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发表时间：
1971-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
EISIKOWI.D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GALIL, J;EISIKOWI.D
摘要正常雌雄同株无花果的组成成分，即雄花和雌花、短花和长花柱雌花、雄蜂和雌蜂，都有一定的空间和数量关系。合生组织的正常发育依赖于这些不同元素的平衡。自然界中偶尔会发现各种类型的变异无花果，在发育和最终结构上与正常无花果不同。这些是纯粹的五倍子无花果，种子无花果和雄蜂或雌蜂无花果。这些畸形无花果是通过在接受B期将经过特殊处理的雌性黄蜂引入接受幼果的实验中获得的。对黄蜂的处理包括以下措施之一：缩短产卵器，防止黄蜂与花粉接触，防止黄蜂受精或用不同剂量的伽马射线照射使其不育。在一些已经栖息的无花果中，黄蜂幼虫被杀虫喷雾杀死。对自然发现的异常聚球体的发育和结构的分析，也考虑到它们可能在实验中产生的条件，为阐明无花果互惠共生的各个方面提供了数据。
SummaryThe constituents of a normal monoecious fig, namely the male and female flowers, the short‐and long‐styled female flowers and the male and female wasp galls, are arranged in definite spatial and numerical relations. The normal development of the syconium depends on a balance of these different elements. Occasionally various types of aberrant figs are found in nature, differing from normal figs in development and in final structure. These are purely gall figs, seed figs and male wasp or female wasp figs. Such abnormal figs were obtained experimentally by introducing specially treated female wasps into receptive young syconia at the receptive B phase. Treatments of the wasps involved one of the following: shortening of their ovipositor, preventing contact of wasps with pollen, preventing wasp fertilization or their sterilization by irradiation with gamma rays at various doses. In some of the already inhabited figs, the wasp larvae were killed by insecticidal sprays. Analysis of the development and structure of naturally‐found aberrant syconia, taking into account also the conditions under which they may be produced experimentally, provides data for elucidating various aspects of the mutualistic symbiosis in figs.