Retrospective study of feline and canine cryptococcosis in Australia from 1981 to 2001: 195 cases
Retrospective study of feline and canine cryptococcosis in Australia from 1981 to 2001: 195 cases
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DOI：
10.1080/13693780310001624547
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发表时间：
2004-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Malik, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Brien, CR;Krockenberger, MB;Malik, R
对1981年至2001年间诊断为隐球菌病的155只猫和40只狗进行了回顾性研究。记录年龄、性别、品种、临床发现、猫免疫缺陷病毒和猫白血病病毒状态（猫）、致病隐球菌种属和居住地。变量之间的关联进行了测试。公猫和母猫受到同样的影响。年龄范围为1至16岁，大多数猫的年龄在2至3岁之间。暹罗，喜马拉雅和布娃娃品种的代表性过高。农村猫更频繁地感染隐球菌。逆转录病毒感染没有被确定为一个诱发条件，并没有相关的隐球菌或物理发现的任何物种。大多数猫有鼻腔感染的迹象，通常在侵入邻近结构或传播之前局部化相当长的一段时间。雄性和雌性犬受到的影响相同。一个显着的优势，年轻，大型犬种被注意到。边境牧羊犬、拳击手、斑点狗、杜宾犬、大丹犬和德国牧羊犬的比例过高。所涉及的隐球菌属不受居住地的影响。虽然鼻腔受累很重要，但犬队列比猫病例更容易发生继发性中枢神经系统受累和播散性疾病。在猫或犬中均未发现可可靠用于区分新型隐球菌Grubii变种引起的疾病与格特隐球菌引起的疾病的临床结果。这两种隐球菌似乎是猫和狗的主要病原体，在大多数但不是所有病例中，上呼吸道被认为是主要的主要接种部位。
A retrospective study of 155 cats and 40 dogs diagnosed with cryptococcosis between 1981 and 2001 was undertaken. Age, sex, breed, clinical findings, feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukaemia virus status (in cats), species of Cryptococcus causing disease and region of domicile were recorded. Associations between variables were tested. Male and female cats were affected equally. Age ranged from 1 to 16 years, with a preponderance of cats aged between 2 and 3 years. Siamese, Himalayan and Ragdoll breeds were over-represented. Rural cats were more frequently infected with Cryptococcus gattii. Retroviral infection was not identified as a predisposing condition and was not correlated with either species of Cryptococcus or physical findings. Most cats had signs of nasal cavity infection, which was typically localised for a substantial period before invasion of adjacent structures or dissemination. Male and female dogs were affected equally. A marked preponderance of young, large breed dogs was noted. Border Collies, Boxers, Dalmatians, Dobermann Pinschers, Great Danes and German Shepherds were over-represented. Cryptococcus species involved was not affected by place of domicile. Although nasal cavity involvement was important, the canine cohort had a greater propensity to develop secondary central nervous system involvement and disseminated disease than feline cases. There were no clinical findings in either cats or dogs which could be reliably used to distinguish disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans variety grubii from disease caused by Cryptococcus gattii. Both Cryptococcus species appear to be primary pathogens of cats and dogs, with the upper respiratory tract presumed to be the predominant primary site of inoculation in most but not all cases.